Indian Evidence Act, 1872 → Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023

Evidence Act to BSA chart: all 185 sections mapped

This Evidence Act to BSA chart lists all 185 sections of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 and where each went in the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023: 160 carried over, 19 merged and 6 dropped. The BSA has 170 sections, 2 of them new, and came into force on 1 July 2024.

IEA · 185Carried over160Merged19Dropped6

BSA · 170Carried over160Merged8New2

IEA to BSA: all 185 IEA sections

IEA to BSA chart: each section of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 with the corresponding section of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 and its status
IEA section	Title	BSA section(s)	Status
Chapter I · Preliminary
1	Short title, extent and commencement	1	Carried over
2	Repeal of enactments	None	Dropped
3	Interpretation clause	2	Merged
4	"May presume"	2	Merged
Chapter II · Of the relevancy of facts
5	Evidence may be given of facts in issue and relevant facts	3	Carried over
6	Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction	4	Carried over
7	Facts which are the occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue	5	Carried over
8	Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct	6	Carried over
9	Facts necessary to explain or introduce relevant facts	7	Carried over
10	Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common design	8	Carried over
11	When facts not otherwise relevant become relevant	9	Carried over
12	In suits for damages, facts tending to enable Court to determine amount are relevant	10	Carried over
13	Facts relevant when right or custom is in question	11	Carried over
14	Facts showing existence of state of mind, or of body, or bodily feeling	12	Carried over
15	Facts bearing on question whether act was accidental or intentional	13	Carried over
16	Existence of course of business when relevant	14	Carried over
17	Admission defined	15	Carried over
18	Admission by party to proceeding or his agent; by suitor in representative character; by party interested in subject-matter; by person from whom interest derived	16	Carried over
19	Admissions by persons whose position must be proved as against party to suit	17	Carried over
20	Admissions by persons expressly referred to by party to suit	18	Carried over
21	Proof of admissions against persons making them, and by or on their behalf	19	Carried over
22	When oral admissions as to contents of documents are relevant	20	Carried over
22A	When oral admission as to contents of electronic records are relevant	None	Dropped
23	Admissions in civil cases, when relevant	21	Carried over
24	Confession caused by inducement, threat or promise, when irrelevant in criminal proceeding	22	Merged
25	Confession to police officer not to be proved	23(1)	Merged
26	Confession by accused while in custody of police not to be proved against him	23(2)	Merged
27	How much of information received from accused may be proved	23	Merged
28	Confession made after removal of impression caused by inducement, threat or promise, relevant	22	Merged
29	Confession otherwise relevant not to become irrelevant because of promise of secrecy, etc	22	Merged
30	Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence	24	Carried over
31	Admissions not conclusive proof, but may estop	25	Carried over
32	Cases in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc., is relevant	26	Carried over
33	Relevancy of certain evidence for proving, in subsequent proceeding, the truth of facts therein stated	27	Carried over
34	[Entries in books of account, including those maintained in an electronic form] when relevant	28	Carried over
35	Relevancy of entry in public record [or an electronic record], made in performance of duty	29	Carried over
36	Relevancy of statements in maps, charts and plans	30	Carried over
37	Relevancy of statement as to fact of public nature, contained in certain Acts or notifications	31	Carried over
38	Relevancy of statements as to any law contained in law books	32	Carried over
39	What evidence to be given when statement forms part of a conversation, document, electronic record, book or series of letters or papers	33	Carried over
40	Previous judgments relevant to bar a second suit or trial	34	Carried over
41	Relevancy of certain judgments in probate, etc., jurisdiction	35	Carried over
42	Relevancy and effect of judgments, orders or decrees, other than those mentioned in Section 41	36	Carried over
43	Judgments, etc., other than those mentioned in Sections 40 to 42, when relevant	37	Carried over
44	Fraud or collusion in obtaining judgment, or incompetency of Court, may be proved	38	Carried over
45	Opinions of experts	39(1)	Merged
45A	Opinion of Examiner of Electronic Evidence	39(2)	Merged
46	Facts bearing upon opinions of experts	40	Carried over
47	Opinion as to handwriting, when relevant	41(1)	Merged
47A	Opinion as to "[electronic signature] when relevant	41(2)	Merged
48	Opinion as to existence of right or custom, when relevant	42	Carried over
49	Opinions as to usages, tenets, etc., when relevant	43	Carried over
50	Opinion on relationship, when relevant	44	Carried over
51	Grounds of opinion, when relevant	45	Carried over
52	In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant	46	Carried over
53	In criminal cases, previous good character relevant	47	Carried over
53A	Evidence of character or previous sexual experience not relevant in certain cases	48	Carried over
54	Previous bad character not relevant, except in reply	49	Carried over
55	Character as affecting damages	50	Carried over
Chapter III · Facts which need not be proved
56	Fact judicially noticeable need not be proved	51	Carried over
57	Facts of which Court must take judicial notice	52	Carried over
58	Facts admitted need not be proved	53	Carried over
Chapter IV · Of oral evidence
59	Proof of facts by oral evidence	54	Carried over
60	Oral evidence must be direct	55	Carried over
Chapter V · Of documentary evidence
61	Proof of contents of documents	56	Carried over
62	Primary evidence	57	Carried over
63	Secondary evidence	58	Carried over
64	Proof of documents by primary evidence	59	Carried over
65	Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents may be given.Secondary evidence may be given of the existence, condition or contents of a document in the following cases	60	Carried over
65A	Special provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record	62	Carried over
65B	Admissibility of electronic records	63	Carried over
66	Rules as to notice to produce	64	Carried over
67	Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced	65	Carried over
67A	Proof as to [electronic signature]	66	Carried over
68	Proof of execution of document required by law to be attested	67	Carried over
69	Proof where no attesting witness found	68	Carried over
70	Admission of execution by party to attested document	69	Carried over
71	Proof when attesting witness denies the execution	70	Carried over
72	Proof of document not required by law to be attested	71	Carried over
73	Comparison of signature, writing or seal with others admitted or proved	72	Carried over
73A	Proof as to verification of digital signature	73	Carried over
74	Public documents	74(1)	Merged
75	Private documents	74(2)	Merged
76	Certified copies of public documents	75	Carried over
77	Proof of documents by production of certified copies	76	Carried over
78	Proof of other official documents	77	Carried over
79	Presumption as to genuineness of certified copies	78	Carried over
80	Presumption as to documents produced as record of evidence	79	Carried over
81	Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, private Acts of Parliament and other documents	80	Carried over
81A	Presumption as to Gazettes in electronic forms	81	Carried over
82	Presumption as to document admissible in England without proof of seal or signature	None	Dropped
83	Presumption as to maps or plans made by authority of Government	82	Carried over
84	Presumption as to collections of laws and reports of decisions	83	Carried over
85	Presumption as to powers-of-attorney	84	Carried over
85A	Presumption as to electronic agreements	85	Carried over
85B	Presumption as to electronic records and [electronic signatures]	86	Carried over
85C	Presumption as to [Electronic Signature Certificates]	87	Carried over
86	Presumption as to certified copies of foreign judicial records	88	Carried over
87	Presumption as to books, maps and charts	89	Carried over
88	Presumption as to telegraphic messages	None	Dropped
88A	Presumption as to electronic messages	90	Carried over
89	Presumption as to due execution, etc., of documents not produced	91	Carried over
90	Presumption as to documents thirty years old	92	Carried over
90A	Presumption as to electronic records five years old	93	Carried over
Chapter VI · Of the exclusion of oral by documentary evidence
91	Evidence of terms of contracts, grants and other dispositions of property reduced to form of document	94	Carried over
92	Exclusion of evidence of oral agreement	95	Carried over
93	Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document	96	Carried over
94	Exclusion of evidence against application of document to existing facts	97	Carried over
95	Evidence as to document in unmeaning reference to existing facts	98	Carried over
96	Evidence as to application of language which can apply to one only of several persons	99	Carried over
97	Evidence as to application of language to one of two sets of facts, to neither of which the whole correctly applies	100	Carried over
98	Evidence as to meaning of illegible characters, etc	101	Carried over
99	Who may give evidence of agreement varying terms of document	102	Carried over
100	Saving of provisions of Indian Succession Act relating to wills	103	Carried over
Chapter VII · Of the burden of proof
101	Burden of proof	104	Carried over
102	On whom burden of proof lies	105	Carried over
103	Burden of proof as to particular fact	106	Carried over
104	Burden of proving fact to be proved to make evidence admissible	107	Carried over
105	Burden of proving that case of accused comes within exceptions	108	Carried over
106	Burden of proving fact especially within knowledge	109	Carried over
107	Burden of proving death of person known to have been alive within thirty years	110	Carried over
108	Burden of proving that person is alive who has not been heard of for seven years	111	Carried over
109	Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent	112	Carried over
110	Burden of proof as to ownership	113	Carried over
111	Proof of good faith in transactions where one party is in relation of active confidence	114	Carried over
111A	Presumption as to certain offences	115	Carried over
112	Birth during marriage, conclusive proof of legitimacy	116	Carried over
113	Proof of cession of territory	None	Dropped
113A	Presumption as to abetment of suicide by a married woman	117	Carried over
113B	Presumption as to dowry death	118	Carried over
114	Court may presume existence of certain facts	119	Carried over
114A	Presumption as to absence of consent in certain prosecution for rape	120	Carried over
Chapter VIII · Estoppel
115	Estoppel	121	Carried over
116	Estoppel of tenant; and of licensee of person in possession	122	Carried over
117	Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee	123	Carried over
Chapter IX · Of witnesses
118	Who may testify	124	Carried over
119	Witness unable to communicate verbally	125	Carried over
120	Parties to civil suit, and their wives or husbands, Husband or wife of person under criminal trial	126	Carried over
121	Judges and Magistrates	127	Carried over
122	Communications during marriage	128	Carried over
123	Evidence as to affairs of State	129	Carried over
124	Official communications	130	Carried over
125	Information as to commission of offences	131	Carried over
126	Professional communications	132(1)(2)	Merged
127	Section 126 to apply to interpreters, etc	132(3)	Merged
128	Privilege not waived by volunteering evidence	133	Carried over
129	Confidential communications with legal advisers	134	Carried over
130	Production of title-deeds of witness not a party	135	Carried over
131	Production of documents or electronic records which another person, having possession, could refuse to produce	136	Carried over
132	Witness not excused from answering on ground that answer will criminate	137	Carried over
133	Accomplice	138	Carried over
134	Number of witnesses	139	Carried over
Chapter X · Of the examination of witnesses
135	Order of production and examination of witnesses	140	Carried over
136	Judge to decide as to admissibility of evidence	141	Carried over
137	Examination-in-chief	142	Carried over
138	Order of examinations	143	Carried over
139	Cross-examination of person called to produce a document	144	Carried over
140	Witnesses to character	145	Carried over
141	Leading questions	146(1)	Merged
142	When they must not be asked	146(2), 146(3)	Merged
143	When they may be asked	146(4)	Merged
144	Evidence as to matters in writing	147	Carried over
145	Cross-examination as to previous statements in writing	148	Carried over
146	Questions lawful in cross-examination	149	Carried over
147	When witness to he compelled to answer	150	Carried over
148	Court to decide when question shall be asked and when witness compelled to answer	151	Carried over
149	Question not to be asked without reasonable grounds	152	Carried over
150	Procedure of Court in case of question being asked without reasonable grounds	153	Carried over
151	Indecent and scandalous questions	154	Carried over
152	Questions intended to insult or annoy	155	Carried over
153	Exclusion of evidence to contradict answers to questions testing veracity	156	Carried over
154	Question by party to his own witness	157	Carried over
155	Impeaching credit of witness	158	Carried over
156	Questions tending to corroborate evidence of relevant fact, admissible	159	Carried over
157	Former statements of witness may be proved to corroborate later testimony as to same fact	160	Carried over
158	What matters may be proved in connection with proved statement relevant under Section 32 or 33	161	Carried over
159	Refreshing memory	162	Carried over
160	Testimony to facts stated in document mentioned in Section 159	163	Carried over
161	Right of adverse party as to writing used to refresh memory	164	Carried over
162	Production of documents	165	Carried over
163	Giving, as evidence, of document called for and produced on notice	166	Carried over
164	Using, as evidence, of document, production of which was refused on notice	167	Carried over
165	Judge's power to put questions or order production	168	Carried over
166	Power of jury or assessors to put questions	None	Dropped
Chapter XI · Of improper admission and rejection of evidence
167	No new trial for improper admission or rejection of evidence	169	Carried over

BSA to IEA: all 170 BSA sections

BSA to IEA chart: each section of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 with the corresponding section of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 and its status
BSA section	Title	IEA section(s)	Status
Chapter I · Preliminary
1	Short title, application and commencement	1	Carried over
2	Definitions	3, 4	Merged
Chapter II · Relevancy of facts
3	Evidence may be given of facts in issue and relevant facts	5	Carried over
4	Relevancy of facts forming part of same transaction	6	Carried over
5	Facts which are occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue or relevant facts	7	Carried over
6	Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct	8	Carried over
7	Facts necessary to explain or introduce fact in issue or relevant facts	9	Carried over
8	Things said or done by conspirator in reference to common design	10	Carried over
9	When facts not otherwise relevant become relevant	11	Carried over
10	Facts tending to enable Court to determine amount are relevant in suits for damages	12	Carried over
11	Facts relevant when right or custom is in question	13	Carried over
12	Facts showing existence of state of mind, or of body or bodily feeling	14	Carried over
13	Facts bearing on question whether act was accidental or intentional	15	Carried over
14	Existence of course of business when relevant	16	Carried over
15	Admission defined	17	Carried over
16	Admission by party to proceeding or his agent	18	Carried over
17	Admissions by persons whose position must be proved as against party to suit	19	Carried over
18	Admissions by persons expressly referred to by party to suit	20	Carried over
19	Proof of admissions against persons making them, and by or on their behalf	21	Carried over
20	When oral admissions as to contents of documents are relevant	22	Carried over
21	Admissions in civil cases when relevant	23	Carried over
22	Confession caused by inducement, threat, coercion or promise, when irrelevant in criminal proceeding	24, 28, 29	Merged
23	Confession to police officer	25, 26, 27	Merged
24	Consideration of proved confession affecting person making it and others jointly under trial for same offence	30	Carried over
25	Admissions not conclusive proof, but may estop	31	Carried over
26	Cases in which statement of relevant fact by person who is dead or cannot be found, etc., is relevant	32	Carried over
27	Relevancy of certain evidence for proving, in subsequent proceeding, truth of facts therein stated	33	Carried over
28	Entries in books of account when relevant	34	Carried over
29	Relevancy of entry in public record or an electronic record made in performance of duty	35	Carried over
30	Relevancy of statements in maps, charts and plans	36	Carried over
31	Relevancy of statement as to fact of public nature contained in certain Acts or notifications	37	Carried over
32	Relevancy of statements as to any law contained in law books including electronic or digital form	38	Carried over
33	What evidence to be given when statement forms part of a conversation, document, electronic record, book or series of letters or papers	39	Carried over
34	Previous judgments relevant to bar a second suit or trial	40	Carried over
35	Relevancy of certain judgments in probate, etc., jurisdiction	41	Carried over
36	Relevancy and effect of judgments, orders or decrees, other than those mentioned in section 35	42	Carried over
37	Judgments, etc., other than those mentioned in sections 34, 35 and 36 when relevant	43	Carried over
38	Fraud or collusion in obtaining judgment, or incompetency of Court, may be proved	44	Carried over
39	Opinions of experts	45, 45A	Merged
40	Facts bearing upon opinions of experts	46	Carried over
41	Opinion as to handwriting and signature, when relevant	47, 47A	Merged
42	Opinion as to existence of general custom or right, when relevant	48	Carried over
43	Opinion as to usages, tenets, etc., when relevant	49	Carried over
44	Opinion on relationship, when relevant	50	Carried over
45	Grounds of opinion, when relevant	51	Carried over
46	In civil cases character to prove conduct imputed, irrelevant	52	Carried over
47	In criminal cases previous good character relevant	53	Carried over
48	Evidence of character or previous sexual experience not relevant in certain cases	53A	Carried over
49	Previous bad character not relevant, except in reply	54	Carried over
50	Character as affecting damages	55	Carried over
Chapter III · Facts which need not be proved
51	Fact judicially noticeable need not be proved	56	Carried over
52	Facts of which Court shall take judicial notice	57	Carried over
53	Facts admitted need not be proved	58	Carried over
Chapter IV · Of oral evidence
54	Proof of facts by oral evidence	59	Carried over
55	Oral evidence to be direct	60	Carried over
Chapter V · Of documentary evidence
56	Proof of contents of documents	61	Carried over
57	Primary evidence	62	Carried over
58	Secondary evidence	63	Carried over
59	Proof of documents by primary evidence	64	Carried over
60	Cases in which secondary evidence relating to documents maybe given	65	Carried over
61	Electronic or digital record	None	New
62	Special provisions as to evidence relating to electronic record	65A	Carried over
63	Admissibility of electronic records	65B	Carried over
64	Rules as to notice to produce	66	Carried over
65	Proof of signature and handwriting of person alleged to have signed or written document produced	67	Carried over
66	Proof as to electronic signature	67A	Carried over
67	Proof of execution of document required by law to be attested	68	Carried over
68	Proof where no attesting witness found	69	Carried over
69	Admission of execution by party to attested document	70	Carried over
70	Proof when attesting witness denies execution	71	Carried over
71	Proof of document not required by law to be attested	72	Carried over
72	Comparison of signature, writing or seal with others admitted or proved	73	Carried over
73	Proof as to verification of digital signature	73A	Carried over
74	Public and private documents	74, 75	Merged
75	Certified copies of public documents	76	Carried over
76	Proof of documents by production of certified copies	77	Carried over
77	Proof of other official documents	78	Carried over
78	Presumption as to genuineness of certified copies	79	Carried over
79	Presumption as to documents produced as record of evidence, etc	80	Carried over
80	Presumption as to Gazettes, newspapers, and other documents	81	Carried over
81	Presumption as to Gazettes in electronic or digital record	81A	Carried over
82	Presumption as to maps or plans made by authority of Government	83	Carried over
83	Presumption as to collections of laws and reports of decisions	84	Carried over
84	Presumption as to powers-of-attorney	85	Carried over
85	Presumption as to electronic agreements	85A	Carried over
86	Presumption as to electronic records and electronic signatures	85B	Carried over
87	Presumption as to Electronic Signature Certificates	85C	Carried over
88	Presumption as to certified copies of foreign judicial records	86	Carried over
89	Presumption as to books, maps and charts	87	Carried over
90	Presumption as to electronic messages	88A	Carried over
91	Presumption as to due execution, etc., of documents not produced	89	Carried over
92	Presumption as to documents thirty years old	90	Carried over
93	Presumption as to electronic records five years old	90A	Carried over
Chapter VI · Of the exclusion of oral evidence by documentary evidence
94	Evidence of terms of contracts, grants and other dispositions of property reduced to form of document	91	Carried over
95	Exclusion of evidence of oral agreement	92	Carried over
96	Exclusion of evidence to explain or amend ambiguous document	93	Carried over
97	Exclusion of evidence against application of document to existing facts	94	Carried over
98	Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts	95	Carried over
99	Evidence as to application of language which can apply to one only of several persons	96	Carried over
100	. Evidence as to application of language to one of two sets of facts, to neither of which the whole correctly applies	97	Carried over
101	Evidence as to meaning of illegible characters, etc	98	Carried over
102	Who may give evidence of agreement varying terms of document	99	Carried over
103	Saving of provisions of Indian Succession Act relating to wills	100	Carried over
Chapter VII · Of the burden of proof
104	Burden of proof	101	Carried over
105	On whom burden of proof lies	102	Carried over
106	Burden of proof as to particular fact	103	Carried over
107	Burden of proving fact to be proved to make evidence admissible	104	Carried over
108	Burden of proving that case of accused comes within exceptions	105	Carried over
109	Burden of proving fact especially within knowledge	106	Carried over
110	Burden of proving death of person known to have been alive within thirty years	107	Carried over
111	Burden of proving that person is alive who has not been heard of for seven years	108	Carried over
112	Burden of proof as to relationship in the cases of partners, landlord and tenant, principal and agent	109	Carried over
113	Burden of proof as to ownership	110	Carried over
114	Proof of good faith in transactions where one party is in relation of active confidence	111	Carried over
115	Presumption as to certain offences	111A	Carried over
116	Birth during marriage, conclusive proof of legitimacy	112	Carried over
117	Presumption as to abetment of suicide by a married woman	113A	Carried over
118	Presumption as to dowry death	113B	Carried over
119	Court may presume existence of certain facts	114	Carried over
120	Presumption as to absence of consent in certain prosecution for rape	114A	Carried over
Chapter VIII · Estoppel
121	Estoppel	115	Carried over
122	Estoppel of tenant and of licensee of person in possession	116	Carried over
123	Estoppel of acceptor of bill of exchange, bailee or licensee	117	Carried over
Chapter IX · Of witnesses
124	Who may testify	118	Carried over
125	Witness unable to communicate verbally	119	Carried over
126	Competency of husband and wife as witnesses in certain cases	120	Carried over
127	Judges and Magistrates	121	Carried over
128	Communications during marriage	122	Carried over
129	Evidence as to affairs of State	123	Carried over
130	Official communications	124	Carried over
131	Information as to commission of offences	125	Carried over
132	Professional communications	126, 127	Merged
133	Privilege not waived by volunteering evidence	128	Carried over
134	Confidential communication with legal advisers	129	Carried over
135	Production of title-deeds of witness not a party	130	Carried over
136	Production of documents or electronic records which another person, having possession, could refuse to produce	131	Carried over
137	Witness not excused from answering on ground that answer will criminate	132	Carried over
138	Accomplice	133	Carried over
139	Number of witnesses	134	Carried over
Chapter X · Of examination of witnesses
140	Order of production and examination of witnesses	135	Carried over
141	Judge to decide as to admissibility of evidence	136	Carried over
142	Examination of witnesses	137	Carried over
143	Order of examinations	138	Carried over
144	Cross examination of person called to produce a document	139	Carried over
145	Witnesses to character	140	Carried over
146	Leading questions	141, 142, 143	Merged
147	Evidence as to matters in writing	144	Carried over
148	Cross examination as to previous statements in writing	145	Carried over
149	Questions lawful in cross examination	146	Carried over
150	When witness to be compelled to answer	147	Carried over
151	Court to decide when question shall be asked and when witness compelled to answer	148	Carried over
152	Question not to be asked without reasonable grounds	149	Carried over
153	Procedure of Court in case of question being asked without reasonable grounds	150	Carried over
154	Indecent and scandalous questions	151	Carried over
155	Questions intended to insult or annoy	152	Carried over
156	Exclusion of evidence to contradict answers to questions testing veracity	153	Carried over
157	Question by party to his own witness	154	Carried over
158	Impeaching credit of witness	155	Carried over
159	Questions tending to corroborate evidence of relevant fact, admissible	156	Carried over
160	Former statements of witness may be proved to corroborate later testimony as to same fact	157	Carried over
161	What matters may be proved in connection with proved statement relevant under section 26 or 27	158	Carried over
162	Refreshing memory	159	Carried over
163	Testimony to facts stated in document mentioned in section 162	160	Carried over
164	Right of adverse party as to writing used to refresh memory	161	Carried over
165	Production of documents	162	Carried over
166	Giving, as evidence, of document called for and produced on notice	163	Carried over
167	Using, as evidence, of document production of which was refused on notice	164	Carried over
168	Judge's power to put questions or order production	165	Carried over
Chapter XI · Of improper admission and rejection of evidence
169	No new trial for improper admission or rejection of evidence	167	Carried over
Chapter XII · Repeal and savings
170	Repeal and savings	None	New

Questions about the Evidence Act to BSA chart

When did the BSA replace the Evidence Act?

The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 came into force on 1 July 2024, replacing the Indian Evidence Act, 1872.

How many Evidence Act sections are in the BSA?

179 of the 185 Evidence Act sections have a counterpart in the BSA. The BSA has 170 sections, 2 of them new with no Evidence Act counterpart.

What is IEA 65B in BSA?

IEA 65B (Admissibility of electronic records) corresponds to BSA 63.

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