Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 · Section 98

BSA 98: earlier IEA 95

Section 98 of the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 replaces Section 95 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872. BSA 98 deals with evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts. The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam came into force on 1 July 2024. Both texts are set out below, side by side, with the changed words marked.

Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam

BSA 98 was IEA 95.

Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts.

Carried over
90% of the old wording kept
Old · IEA 1872 · Ch. VI
s. 95
Evidence as to document in unmeaning reference to existing facts
When language used in a document is plain in itself, but is unmeaning in reference to existing facts, evidence may be given to show that it was used in a peculiar sense.
Illustration A sells to B, by deed, "my house in Calcutta". OF THE EXCLUSION OF ORAL BY DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE A had no house in Calcutta, but it appears that he had a house at Howrah, of which B had been in possession since the execution of the deed. These facts may be proved to show that the deed related to the house at Howrah.
Text read from the official print by OCR. Check it against the print before quoting.
New · BSA 2023 · Ch. VI
s. 98
Evidence as to document unmeaning in reference to existing facts.
When language used in a document is plain in itself, but is unmeaning in reference to existing facts, evidence may be given to show that it was used in a peculiar sense.
Illustration.
A sells to B, by deed, “my house in Kolkata”. A had no house in Kolkata, but it appears that he had a house at Howrah, of which B had been in possession since the execution of the deed. These facts may be proved to show that the deed related to the house at Howrah.
Text from India Code

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