Indian Penal Code, 1860 · Section 197

IPC 197 in BNS: Section 234

Section 197 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 corresponds to Section 234 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023. IPC 197 deals with issuing or signing false certificate. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita came into force on 1 July 2024, replacing the IPC. Both texts are set out below, side by side, with the changed words marked.

Indian Penal Code

IPC 197 is now BNS 234.

Issuing or signing false certificate

Carried over
Old wording kept in full
Old · IPC 1860 · Ch. XI
s. 197
Issuing or signing false certificate
Whoever issues or signs any certificate required by law to be given or signed, or relating to any fact of which such certificate is by law admissible in evidence, knowing or believing that such certificate is false in any material point, shall be punished in the same manner as if he gave false evidence.
Text from the official India Code PDF
New · BNS 2023 · Ch. XIV
s. 234
Issuing or signing false certificate.
Whoever issues or signs any certificate required by law to be given or signed, or relating to any fact of which such certificate is by law admissible in evidence, knowing or believing that such certificate is false in any material point, shall be punished in the same manner as if he gave false evidence.
Text from India Code
Old classification · CrPC First Schedule, for IPC 197
CognizableNon-cognizable
BailableBailable
PunishmentThe same as for giving or fabricating false evidence.
Triable by–
This entry was hard to read in the source table; check it.
For an offence under the BNS, check the First Schedule of the BNSS.
Judgments on s. 197 IPCBNS 234 on India Code Source: NCRB section table
Related sectionsBNS 234 · Issuing or signing false certificate.
IPC 196 · Using evidence known to be falseIPC 198 · Using as true a certificate known to be false

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