Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 · Section 235

BNS 235: earlier IPC 198

Section 235 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 replaces Section 198 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860. BNS 235 deals with using as true a certificate known to be false. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita came into force on 1 July 2024. Both texts are set out below, side by side, with the changed words marked.

Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita

BNS 235 was IPC 198.

Using as true a certificate known to be false.

Carried over
Old wording kept in full
Old · IPC 1860 · Ch. XI
s. 198
Using as true a certificate known to be false
Whoever corruptly uses or attempts to use any such certificate as a true certificate, knowing the same to be false in any material point, shall be punished in the same manner as if he gave false evidence.
Text from the official India Code PDF
New · BNS 2023 · Ch. XIV
s. 235
Using as true a certificate known to be false.
Whoever corruptly uses or attempts to use any such certificate as a true certificate, knowing the same to be false in any material point, shall be punished in the same manner as if he gave false evidence.
Text from India Code
Old classification · CrPC First Schedule, for IPC 198
CognizableNon-cognizable
BailableBailable
PunishmentThe same as for giving or fabricating false evidence.
Triable byCourt by which offence of giving false evidence is triable.
For an offence under the BNS, check the First Schedule of the BNSS.
Judgments on s. 198 IPCBNS 235 on India Code Source: NCRB section table
Related sectionsIPC 198 · Using as true a certificate known to…
BNS 234 · Issuing or signing false certificate.BNS 236 · False statement made in declaration which is by law receivable as evidence.

The new section for any IPC, CrPC or Evidence Act provision, and the old one for any BNS, BNSS or BSA section, with a converter for whole charges. Free, no sign-up.

Section-wise charts: IPC to BNS chart · CrPC to BNSS chart · Evidence Act to BSA chart

Open the converter