Indian Penal Code, 1860 · Section 422

IPC 422 in BNS: Section 321

Section 422 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 corresponds to Section 321 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023. IPC 422 deals with dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita came into force on 1 July 2024, replacing the IPC. Both texts are set out below, side by side, with the changed words marked.

Indian Penal Code

IPC 422 is now BNS 321.

Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors

Carried over
Old wording kept in full
Old · IPC 1860 · Ch. XVII
s. 422
Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors
Whoever dishonestly or fraudulently prevents any debt or demand due to himself or to any other person from being made available according to law for payment of his debts or the debts of such other person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both.
Text from the official India Code PDF
New · BNS 2023 · Ch. XVII
s. 321
Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors.
Whoever dishonestly or fraudulently prevents any debt or demand due to himself or to any other person from being made available according to law for payment of his debts or the debts of such other person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both.
Text from India Code
Old classification · CrPC First Schedule, for IPC 422
CognizableNon-cognizable
BailableBailable
PunishmentImprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both.
Triable byAny Magistrate.
For an offence under the BNS, check the First Schedule of the BNSS.
Judgments on s. 422 IPCBNS 321 on India Code Source: NCRB section table
Related sectionsBNS 321 · Dishonestly or fraudulently preventi…
IPC 421 · Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditorsIPC 423 · Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration

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