Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 · Section 321

BNS 321: earlier IPC 422

Section 321 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 replaces Section 422 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860. BNS 321 deals with dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita came into force on 1 July 2024. Both texts are set out below, side by side, with the changed words marked.

Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita

BNS 321 was IPC 422.

Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors.

Carried over
Old wording kept in full
Old · IPC 1860 · Ch. XVII
s. 422
Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors
Whoever dishonestly or fraudulently prevents any debt or demand due to himself or to any other person from being made available according to law for payment of his debts or the debts of such other person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both.
Text from the official India Code PDF
New · BNS 2023 · Ch. XVII
s. 321
Dishonestly or fraudulently preventing debt being available for creditors.
Whoever dishonestly or fraudulently prevents any debt or demand due to himself or to any other person from being made available according to law for payment of his debts or the debts of such other person, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to two years, or with fine, or with both.
Text from India Code
Old classification · CrPC First Schedule, for IPC 422
CognizableNon-cognizable
BailableBailable
PunishmentImprisonment for 2 years, or fine, or both.
Triable byAny Magistrate.
For an offence under the BNS, check the First Schedule of the BNSS.
Judgments on s. 422 IPCBNS 321 on India Code Source: NCRB section table
Related sectionsIPC 422 · Dishonestly or fraudulently preventi…
BNS 320 · Dishonest or fraudulent removal or concealment of property to prevent distribution among creditors.BNS 322 · Dishonest or fraudulent execution of deed of transfer containing false statement of consideration.

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