THE UTTAR PRADESH CHIT FUND ACT, 1975

38 mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e 1975 ¿mRrj izns”k vf/kfu;e la[;k 53] 1975À THE UTTAR PRADESH CHIT FUND ACT, 1975 [U.P. ACT NO. 53 OF 1975] 39 mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975 1 mRrj izns”k vf/kfu;e la[;k 53] 1975À޽¿ mRrj izns”k fo/kku ifj’kn us fnukad 7 vxLr 1975 dks rFkk mRrj izns”k fo/kku lHkk us fnukad 5 vxLr 1975 dh cSBd esa Lohdr̀ fd;kA ^^Hkkjr dk lafo/kku** ds vuqPNsn 201 ds vUrxZr jk’Vªifr us 10 vDVwcj 1975 dks Lohdf̀r iznku dh rFkk mRrj izns”k ljdkjh vlk/kkj.k xtV esa fnukad 16 vDVwcj 1975 dks izdkf”kr gqvkA jkT; esa tu&lk/kkj.k ds fgr esa fpV Q.M dks fofu;fer djus ds fy;s vkSj mlls lEc) fo’k;ksa dh O;oLFkk djus ds fy;s vf/kfu;e Hkkjr x.kjkT; esa NCchlosa o’kZ esa fuEufyf[kr vf/kfu;e cuk;k tkrk gSA v/;k; 1 1&& ¼1½ ;g vf/kfu;e mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975 dgyk;sxkA Lkaf{kIr uke] foLrkj rFkk izkjEHk ¼2½ bldk foLrkj laiw.kZ mRrj izns”k esa gksxkA ¼3½ ;g ,sls fnukad ls izoR̀r gksxk] ftls jkT; ljdkj xTkV esa vf/klwpuk }kjk rnFkZ fu;r djsa vkSj jkT; esa fofHkUu {ks=ksa ds fy;s rFkk bl vf/kfu;e ds fofHkUu micU/kksa ds fy;s fHkUu&fHkUu fnukad fu;r fd;s tk ldrs gSaA 2&& bl vf/kfu;e esa] tc rd fd lanHkZ esa vU;Fkk visf{kr u gks] ------------- IkfjHkk’kk,aA ¼1½ ^^vuqeksfnr cSad** dk rkRi;Z bl vf/kfu;e ds iz;kstuksa ds fy;s jkT; ljdkj }kjk vuqeksfnr fdlh cSad ls gS] ¼2½ ^^fpV** dk rkRi;Z ,sls laO;ogkj ls gS] pkgs mls fpV Q.M] fpV] ;k dqjh dgk tk; ;k fdlh vU; uke ls iqdkjk tk;] ftlds }kjk mldk QksjeSu vusd vfHknkrkvksa ds lkFk ;g djkj djs fd muesa ls izR;sd ,d fuf”pr jkf”k ;k fuf”pr ifjek.k esa vukt ;k fdlh vU; eky dk dkfyd fdLrksa esa mruh fofufnZ’V dkykof/k;ksa ds fy;s] ftudh la[;k vfHknkrkvksa dh la[;kvksa ds cjkcj gks] vfHknkrk djsxk vkSj izR;sd vfHknkrk ;k muesa ls dqN ykV }kjk ;k uhyke }kjk ;k fufonk }kjk ;k fdlh vU; uhfr ls] tks djkj esa vO;ofLFkr gks] vo/kkfjr viuh ckjh vkus ij iqjLdkj /kujkf”k ikus dk gdnkj gksxk] Li’Vhdj.k & bl [k.M ds vFkkZUrxZr dksbZ laO;ogkj fpV ugha gksxk] ;fn ,sls laO;ogkj esa ------- ¼d½ vfHknkrkvksa esa ls dsoy dqN gks vfHknkrkvksa dks] u fd lHkh dks] iqjLdkj /kujkf”k Hkkoh vfHknk; djus ds fy;s fdlh nkf;Ro ds fcuk feys] ;k ¼[k½ lHkh vfHknkrkvksa dks ckjh&ckjh esa fpV dh laiw.kZ /kujkf”k Hkkoh vfHknk; djus ds nkf;Ro lfgr feys % 1- mn~ns”;ksa vkSj dkj.kksa ds fooj.k ds fy;s fnukad 7 vxLr 1975 bZ- dk mRrj izns”kh; vlk/kkj.k xtV nsf[k;sA 40 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 2À n’̀Vkar ------ fdlh fpV ds 100 vfHknkrk gS vkSj muesa ls izR;sd 10 #Ik;s dk vfHknk; djrk gS lHkh vfHknkrkvksa dks ckjh&ckjh ls 1]000 #I;s feyrs gSa] tks fpV dh laiw.kZ /ku jkf”k gS] vkSj mudk Hkkoh vfHknk; djus dk nkf;Ro gSA ,slk laO;ogkj mi;qZDr Li’Vhdj.k ds [k.M ¼[k½ ds v/khu vkrk gS vkSj fpV ugha gS] ¼3½ ^^fpV djkj** dk rkRi;Z ,sls nLrkost ls gS] ftlesa QksjeSu vkSj vfHknkrk ds chp fpV ls lacaf/kr djkj ds vuqPNsn gksa] ¼4½ ^^fpV dh /kujkf”k** dk rkRi;Z NwV ds fy;s ;k vU;Fkk dVkSrh fd;s fcuk fpV dh fdlh fdLr ds fy;s lHkh vfHknkrkvksa }kjk fn;s vfHknkrkvksa dh dy jkf”k ls gS] ¼5½ ^^O;frdzeh vfHknkrk** dk rkRi;Z ,sls vfHknkrk ls gS] ftlus fpV djkj dh “krksaZ ds vuqlkj ns; vfHknkrkvksa ds Hkqxrku esa O;frdze fd;k gks] ¼6½ ^^NwV** dk rkRi;Z] ;FkkfLFkfr] ml jkf”k ls ;k vU; eky ds ml ifjek.k ls gS] ftls dksbZ iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk fpV djkj dh “krksaZ ds v/khu NksM+us ds fy;s visf{kr gks vkSj ftls fpV dks pykus ds O;; dks iwjk djus vFkok vfHknkrkvksa esa forfjr djus ;k nksuksa ds fy, mDr djkj ds v/khu Ik̀Fkd j[kk tk;A ¼7½ ^^ykHkk”k** dk rkRi;Z NwV esa vfHknkrk ds ml va”k ls gS] tks fpV dh fdlh fdLr esa vfHknkrkvksa ds chp vkuqifrd forj.k ds fy, fpV djkj ds v/khu miyC/k gks] ¼8½ vius O;kdjfj.kd :Ik Hksnksa lfgr] ^^Mªk** dk rkRi;Z fpV fdlh fdLr esa iqjLdkj /kujkf”k ikus ds gdnkj O;fDr dk O;fDr;ksa dks vfHkfuf”pr djus ls gS] ¼9½ ^^QeZ** dk rkRi;Z Hkkjrh; vf/kfu;e] 1932 ds v/khu jftLVªhdr̀ fdlh QeZ ls gS] vf/kfu;e laa0 9] 1932 ¼10½ ^^QksjeSu** dk rkRi;Z ,sls O;fDr ¼ftlds vUrxZr QeZ Hkh gS½ ls gS] tks fpV djkj ds v/khu fpV ds lapkyu ds fy, mRrjnk;h gks] vkSj blds vUrxZr /kkjk 32 esa mfYyf[kr ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa fpV ds pyrs jgus ij QksjeSu ds dR̀;ksa dk fuoZgu djus okyk dksbZ vU; O;fDr Hkh gSA ¼11½ ^^vijLdr̀ vfHknkrk** ds vUrxZr ,slk vfHknkrk ugha gS] ftlus fpV djkj dh “krksZa ds vuqlkj ns; vfHknk;ksa dk Hkqxrku djus esa O;frdze fd;k gks] ¼12½ ^^fofgr** dk rkRi;Z bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa }kjk fofgr ls gSA ¼13½ ^^fofgr izkf/kdkjh** dk rkRi;Z viuh&viuh vf/kdkfjrk ds Hkhrj ijxuk eftLVªsV ¼dk;Zikyd½ ls gS] ¼14½ ^^iqjLdkj /kujkf”k** dk rkRi;Z fpV dh /kujkf”k vkSj NwV ds chp vUrj dh /kujkf”k ls gS] vkSj fdlh fVdV ds Hkkx dh n”kk esa fVdV ds Hkkx ds vuqikr esa fpV dh /kujkf”k vkSj NwV ds chp vUrj dh /kujkf”k ls gS] vkSj tgka iqjLdkj /kujkf”k udn ls fHkUu izdkj ls ns; gks] ogka iqjLdkj /kujkf”k dk ewY; mlds ns; gksus ds le; dk ewY; gksxk] ¼15½ ^^iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk** dk rkRi;Z ,sls vfHknkrk ls gS] ftls iqjLdkj dh /kujkf”k feyh gks] tks mldk gdnkj gks] 41 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 3À ¼16½ ^^jftLVªkj** dk rkRi;Z /kkjk 53 ds v/khu fu;qDr jftLVªkj ls gS vkSj blds vUrxZr ml /kkjk ds v/khu fu;qDr vkSj bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu muds lHkh ;k fdUgha d`R;ksa dk fuoZgu djus ds fy;s mlds }kjk izkf/kdr̀ dksbZ vij] la;qDr] mi ;k lgk;d jftLVªkj gS] ¼17½ ^^vfHknkrk** ds vUrxZr ,slk O;fDr gS ftlds ikl fVdV dk Hkkx gks] vkSj fyf[kr leuqns”ku }kjk ;k fof/k dh fdz;k }kjk fVdV ;k mlds Hkkx dk vUrfjrh Hkh gS] ¼18½ ^^fVdV** dk rkRi;Z fpV esa vfHknkrk ds va”k ls gSA v/;k; 2 XkBu rFkk jftLVªhdj.k 3&& ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e }kjk ;k blds v/khu vU;Fkk micfU/kr ds flok;] dksbZ O;fDr dksbZ fpV rc rd u rks izkjEHk djsxk vkSj u lapkfyr djsxk tc rd fd mlus ,slh lkekU; mifof/k;ksa dks] ftuds v/khu fofHkUu fpV vkofl;ka pyk;h tkuh gksa] jftLVªkj ds le{k jftLVªhd`̀r u djk fn;k gksA mi fof/k;ksa dk jftLVªhdj.k ¼2½ jftLVªhdj.k ds iz;kstukFkZ fpV vkofy;ksa dh lkekU; mifof/k;ksa] tks QksjeSu }kjk gLrk{kfjr rFkk de ls de nks Lkf{k;ksa }kjk vuqizekf.kr gksa] jftLVªkj ds le{k nkf[ky dh tk;xhA ¼3½ jftLVªkj& ¼d½ ;g lek/kku gks tkus ij fd mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu mlds le{k nkf[ky dh xBZ lkekU; mi&fof/k;ka bl vf/kfu;e ;k rn~/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa ls vlaxr ugha gS vkSj fpV dk lapkyu djus ds fy;s QksjeSu leqfpr O;fDr gS] mi&fof/k;ksa dh jftLVªh dj ldsxk vkSj QksjeSu dks jftLVªhdj.k dk izek.k&Ik= ns ldsxk] ;k ¼[k½ mu dkj.kksa ls tks vfHkfyf[kr fd;s tk;saxs] jftLVªhdj.k djus ls bUdkj dj ldsxkA ¼4½ mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds [k.M ¼2½ ds v/khu viuh “kfDr dh O;kidrk ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk] jftLVªkj fdUgha ,slh lkekU; mifof/k;ksa dk jftLVªhdj.k djus ls bUdkj dj nsxk] ftlesa vfHknkrk ls fyf[kr :Ik ls bl ckr dk djkj djus dh O;oLFkk u gks fpV QaM esa vfHknk; dh fdLrsa ekfld gksaxh vkSj vfHknkrkvksa ls izR;sd ekl esa izkIr fpV dh /kujkf”k dk] NwV dkVus ds Ik”pkr~ tks fpV dh /kujkf”k ds rhl izfr”kr ls vf/kd u gksxh] Hkqxrku iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk dks fd;k tk;xk vkSj QksjeSu dks deh”ku nsus ds Ik”pkr tks fpV dh /kujkf”k ds ikap izfr”kr ls vf/kd u gksxk] NwV vfHknkrkvksa esa vkuqikfrd forj.k ds fy;s miyC/k gksxhA ¼5½ jftLVªkj mi fof/k;ksa dh ,d izfrfyfi j[k ysxk vkSj nwljh izfrfyfi QksjeSu dks bl Ik’̀Bkadu ds lkFk ykSVk nsxk fd mi fof/k;ka jftLVªhdr̀ dj nh xbZ gSaA ¼6½ fdlh lafonk] nLrkost ;k rRle; izoR̀r fdlh vU; fof/k esa fdlh ckr dks gksrs gq, Hkh] QksjeSu vkSj vfHknkrk ds chp djkj ds vuqPNsnksa esa vUrfoZ’V dksbZ ,slk djkj ftlesa dkVus ds Ik”pkr~ fpV dh lEiw.kZ /kujkf”k iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk dks Hkqxrku djus dh O;oLFkk ugha gS] “kwU; gksxkA 42 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 4&7À 4&& dksbZ Hkh O;fDr ,slk dksbZ uksfVl] ifji=] fooj.k&if=-dk ;k vU; nLrkost ftlesa fdlh fpV dh “krZsa rFkk fucU/ku fn;s x;s gksa ;k ftlls turk dks fdlh fpV esa fVdVksa ds fy, vfHknk; djus ds fy, vkeaf=r fd;k x;k gks] rc rd u rks tkjh djsxk vkSj u izdkf”kr djsxk tc rd fd og /kkjk 3 ds v/khu jftLVªhd̀r lekU; mi fof/k;ksa ds v/khu fdlh fpV ls lEc) u gksA ml fpV ds ftldh mi fof/k;kaa jftLVªhd̀r ugha dh xbzZ gS] vfHknk; ds fy;s vkeaf=r djus dk izfr’ks/k 5&& IkzR;sd fpV&djkj QksjeSu }kjk] rFkk vfHknkrkvksa vFkok vfHknkrkvksa }kjk fpV&djkj dk fyf[kr :Ik esa rnFkZ lE;d~ :Ik ls izkf/kdr̀ fdlh O;fDr }kjk lE;d~ :Ik ls gLrk{kfjr vkSj nks lkf{k;ksa }kjk vuqizekf.kr nks izfr;ksa esa gksxk] rFkk mlesa fuEufyf[kr fof”kf’V;ka gksaxh] vFkkZr~ %& fpV&djkj dk izk:i ¼1½ izR;sd vfHknkrkvksa dk iwjk uke vkSj LFkk;h uSokfld irk] ¼2½ izR;sd vfHknkrk }kjk /k`r fVdVksa dh la[;k] ¼3½ fdLrksa dh la[;k vkSj izR;sd fdLr ds fy, izR;sd fVdV ds lEcU/k esa ns; /kujkf”k( ¼4½ fpV ds izkjEHk vkSj lekIr gksus dk fnukad] ¼5½ iqjLdqr vfHknkrk vfHkfuf”pr djus dk <ax] ¼6½ ml NwV dh /kujkf”k] ftls iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk dks fdlh fd”r esa NksM+uk iM+sxk] ¼7½ og <ax] ftlds vuqlkj vkSj og vuqikr] ftlesa ykHkka”k] QksjeSu dk deh”ku vkSj vU; O;;ksa ds] fn; dksbZ gksa] :Ik esa NwV forj.kh; gksa] ¼8½ og fnukad] le; rFkk LFkku tgka ij fpV Mªk dh tk;xh] ¼9½ ;fn fpV&djkj ds v/khu QksjeSu fpV dh /kujkf”k dk gdnkj gks rks og fdLr] ftl ij QksjeSu fpV dh /kujkf”k feysxh] ¼10½ vuqeksfnr cSd] ftlesa ;k ftuesa bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa ds v/khu QksjeSu }kjk fpV dh /kujkf”k tek dh tk;xh] ¼11½ og jhfr] ftlds vuqlkj pfV ml n”kk esa tkjh j[kh tk;xh tc ,sls QksjeSu dh] tks ,d O;fDr gks] èR;q gks tk; ;k og fodr̀&fpRr dk vU;Fkk vleFkZ gks tk;] vkSj ¼12½ ,slh vU; fof”kf’V;ak] tks fofgr dh tk;aaA 6&& ¼1½ izR;sd fpV&djkj] vkSj mlesa /kkjk 9 ds v/khu fd;s x;s izR;sd ifjroZu ;k ifjo)Zu dks] mldh fn~olh; izfr lfgr jftLVªkj ds ikl nkf[ky fd;k tk;xk] ftls /kkjk 9 ds v/khu djkj ds jn~n fd;s tkus dh] ;fn dksbZ gks] lwpuk Hkh nh tk;xhA fpV&djkj dk nkf[ky fd;k tkuk ¼2½ jftLVªkj fpV&djkj dks j[k ysxk vkSj fpV&djkj] ifjorZu ;k ifjo)Zu dh fn~orh; izfr QksjeSu dks bl Ik’̀Bkadu ds lkFk yksVk nsxk fd fpV&djkj] ifjorZu ;k ifjo)Zu nkf[ky dj fn;k x;k gSaA 7&& ¼1½ dksbZ O;fDr fdlh fpV dks uhyke djus ;k mls Mªk djus dk dk;Z rc rd izkjEHk djsxk tc rd fd mlus jftLVªkj ls izkjEHk djus dk izek.k&Ik= izkIr u dj fy;k gksA fpV&dkjckj izkjEHk djuk 43 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 8&11À ¼2½ jftLVªkj] ;g lek/kku gks tkus ij fd fpV dh mifof/k;ka lE;d~ :Ik ls jftLVªhdr̀ dh xbZ gS vkSj fpV&djkj] ftlds vUrxZr mlesa ifjorZu ;k ifjo)Zu] ;fn dksbZ gks] Hkh gS] nkf[ky dj fn;k x;k vkSj /kkjk 114 ds v/khu visf{kr izfrHkwfr QksjeSu }kjk ns nh xbZ gS] izkjEHk djus dk izek.k&Ik= nsxkA 8&& ¼1½ QksjeSu] /kkjk 7 esa fufnZ’V izkjEHk djus dk izek.k&Ik= izkIr djus ds Ik”pkr~ ;Fkk”kDr “kh?kz fdUrq fpV ds izFke ckj Mªk fd;s tkus ds fnukad rd] u fd mlds Ik”pkr~ izR;sd vfHknkrk dks fpV dh mi fof/k;ksa dh vkSj fpV&djkj dh izfr] tks mlds }kjk “kq) izfrfyfi izekf.kr gks] nsxkA mi fof/k;ksa vkSj fpV& djkj dh izfr;ksa dk vfHknkrkvksa dks fn;k tkuk ¼2½ QksjeSu] fpV dh izFke fdLr Mªk fd;s tkus okys ekjk ds vuqorhZ ekl esa iUnzg fnu ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj ds le{k bl vk”k; dk ,d izek.k&Ik= nkf[ky djsxk fd mlus mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds micU/kksa dk vuqikyu dj fn;k gSA 9&& QksjeSu vkSj fpV ds lHkh vfHknkrkvksa dh fyf[kr lgefr ds flok; fpV&djkj esa u rks ifjorZu ;k ifjo)Zu fd;k tk;xk vkSj u mls jn~n fd;k tk;xkA fpV&djkj esa ifjorZu 10&& ¼1½ izR;sd ekl esa vfHknkrkvksa ds lkekU; fudk; dh ,d lkekU; cSBd fofgr jhfr ls gksxhA cSBd ¼2½ viqjLdr̀ vkSj vlanRr iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrkvksa dh la[;k ds ;ksx ds iPphl izfr”kr dh ekax ij QksjeSu }kjk fofgr jhfr ls vfHknkrkvksa ds lkekU; fudk; dh fo”ks’k cSBd cqykbZ tk;xhA 11&& ¼1½ izR;sd Mªk dh dk;Zokfg;ka bl iz;kstu ds fy;s j[kh iqfLrdk esa vfHkfyf[kr dh tk;saxh vkSj ml ij QksjeSu vkSj leLr mifLFkr vfHknkrkvksa }kjk gLrk{kj fd, tk;saxsA ml ij iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk ;k mlds izkf/kdr̀ vfHkdrkZ }kjk Hkh gLrk{kj fd;k tk;xkA Dk;Zokfg;ksa dk dk;ZòRr ¼2½ ,slh dk;Zokfg;ksa ds vfHkys[k esa fuEufyf[kr ckrsa Li’V :Ik ls nh tk;saxh %&^ ¼,d½ og fnukad vkSj le; tc dk;Zokfg;ksa izkjEHk gqbZ vkSj lekIr gqbZ vkSj og LFkku tgka Mªk gqvk Fkk] ¼nks½ fpV dh ftl fof”k’V fdLr dh dk;Zokfg;ak vfHkfyf[kr dh tk;sa] mldh la[;k] ¼rhu½ mifLFkr vfHknkrkvksa ds uke] ¼pkj½ og O;fDr ;k os O;fDr tks fof”k’V fdLr esa iqjLdkj dh /kujkf”k dk gdnkj gks tk; ;k gks tk;sa] ¼ik¡p½ NwV dh /kujkf”k] ¼N%½ iwoZorhZ fdLr ds ckjs esa iqjLdkj dh /kujkf”k ds fuLrkj.k vkSj fdlh iwoZorhZ fdLr ds ckjs esa vlnRr iqjLdkj dh /kujkf”k] ;fn dksbZ gks ds fuLrkj.k ds lEcU/k esa iw.kZ fof”kf’V;ka] vkSj ¼lkr½ ,slh vU; fof”kf’V;ka] tks fofgr dh tk;aA 44 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 12&14À 12&& IkzR;sd QksjeSu] ml ekl ds] ftlesa ,d gh fpV dh ,d ;k vf/kd fd”rsa vFkok fdlh vU; fpV dh ,d ;k vf/kd fd”rsa Mªk dh tk;sa] vuqorhZ ekl esa iUnzg fnu ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj ds le{k ,slh lHkh fd”rksa ds Mªk ds lEcU/k esa /kkjk 11 esa fufnZ’V vfHkys[k dh izfrfyfi] tks QksjeSu }kjk “kq) izekf.kr gks] nkf[ky djsxkA dk;ZòRr dh izfrfyfi dk jftLVªkj ds le{k nkf[ky fd;k tkuk v/;k; 3 QksjeSu 13&& dksbZ QksjeSu fdlh ,d le; esa fdUgha ,slh fpVksa dk lapkyu ugha djsxk] ftudh dqy /kujkf”k QksjeSu dh “kq) vkfLr;ksa ds izpkl izfr”kr ls vf/kd gksA fpV dk ewY; Li’Vhdj.k %& bl /kkjk ds iz;kstukFkZ QksjeSu dh “kq) vkfLr;ksa dk vo/kkj.k djus esa mlds }kjk izLrqr izfrHkwfe dh /kujkf”k dks vyx dj fn;k tk;xk] ;fn ,slh /kujkf”k vfHknkrkvksa ls vfxze :Ik esa izkIr vfHknku dh /kujkf”k gksA 14&& ¼1½ izR;sd QksjeSu fdUgha fpV&vkofy;ksa ds lEcU/k esa /kkjk 7 esa fufnZ’V izkjEHk djus ds izek.k&Ik= ds fy;s vkosnu djus ds iwoZ && QksjeSu }kjk izfrHkwfe dk fn;k tkuk ¼d½ fpV ds mfpr lapkyu ds fy;s vU; vfHknkrkvksa ds Ik{k esa ;k muds U;klr% ,d cU/k&Ik= fu’ikfnr djsxk] ftlesa ,slh lEifRr dks Hkkfjr djsxk] tks jftLVªkj ds lUrks’kkuqlkj fpV dh /kujkf”k ds nqxqus ds cjkcj /kujkf”k dks olwy djus ds fy;s Ik;kZIr gks] ;k ¼[k½ fdlh vuqeksfnr cSad esa fpV dh /kujkf”k ds cjkcj /kujkf”k tek djsxk ;k fpV dh /kujkf”k ds Ms<+ xqus ls vU;wu vafdr ewY; dh /kujkf”k ljdkjh izfrHkwfr;ksa esa fofu;ksftr djsxk vkSj bl izdkj tek dh xbZ /kujkf”k ;k ljdkjh izfrHkwfr;ka jftLVªkj ds Ik{k esa vUrfje] ftls og fpV ds lE;d~ lapkyu ds fy;s izfrHkwfr ds :Ik esa U;klr% j[ksxk % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd tgka txe lEifRr ds :Ik esa Hkkfjr dh tk; og dsoy ml izdkj dh taxe lEifRr dks gh] tks fofgr dh tk;] bl izdkj Hkkfjr fd;k tk;sxk vkSj ,slh taxe lEifRr dks ,slh jhfr ls vkSj ,sls O;fDr ;k vf/kdkjh ds le{k ftls fofgr fd;k tk;] tek fd;k tk;xkA ¼2½ tgka QkSjeSu ,d ls vf/kd fpV lapkfyr djrk gS ogka og izR;sd fpV ds lEcU/k esa mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds micU/kksa ds vuqlkj izfrHkwfr nsxkA ¼3½ dEiuht ,sDV] 1956 dh /kkjk 520 ds micU/kksa ds v/khu jgrs gq,] mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu QksjeSu }kjk nh xbZ izfrHkwfr fdlh fMxzh ds fu’iknu ds fy;s ;k vU;Fkk rc rd dqdZ u dh tk;xh& ,sDV la[;k 1] 1956 ¼d½ tc rd fd fpV lekIr u dj nh tk; vkSj lHkh vfHknkrkvksa ds nkoksa dh iw.kZr% rqf’V u dj nh tk;] ¼[k½ tc rd fd jftLVªkj ;k fdlh vU; vf/kdkjh dks bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu QksjeSu }kjk ns; lHkh ns;ksa dk Hkqxrku dj fn;k x;k gks] ¼x½ tgka ns; iqjLdr̀ /kujkf”k iqjLd`̀r vfHknkrk ds O;frdze ds dkj.k fpV lekIr fd;s tkus ds Ik”pkr~ Hkh] vlanRr jgsa rks tc rd fd QksjeSu fpV&djkj esa mfYyf[kr fdlh vuqeksfnr cSad esa ,slh /kujkf”k tek u dj ns vkSj bl izdkj tek djus dh fyf[kr lalwpuk iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk dks u ns nsA 45 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 15&16À ¼4½ jftLVªkj fpV lekIr dj fn;s tkus ds Ik”pkr~ vkSj viuk ;g lek/kku djus ds Ik”pkr~ fd mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds [k.M ¼1½ ls ¼3½ esa mfYyf[kr vis{kkvksa dk vuqikyu fd;k x;k gS] mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fufnZ’V izfrHkwfr ds :Ik esa Hkkfjr lEifRr dks fueqZDr dj nsxk vFkok udn izfrHkwfr ;k ljdkjh izfrHkwfr;ksa dks fueqZDr djus dk vkns”k nsxk] vkSj ,slk djus esa og ,slh izfdz;k dk vuqlj.k djsxk] tks fofgr dh tk;A ¼5½ jftLVªkj fdlh QksjeSu ds vkosnu ij] mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds v/khu izfrHkwfr fueqZDr djus ds ctk; ml mlh QksjeSu }kjk lapkfyr dh tkus okyh fdlh vU; fpV ds lEcU/k esa izfrHkwfr ds :Ik esa Lohdkj dj ldsxkA ;fn bl izdkj Lohdkj dh x;h izfrHkwfr dk ewY; ;k mldh /kujkf”k mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fufnZ’V ewY; ;k /kujkf”k ls de gks rks jftLVªkj ml deh dks iwjk djus ds fy, QksjeSu ls vfrfjDr izfrHkwfr nsus dh vis{kk djsxkA ;fn ,slh izfrHkwfr dk ewY; ;k mldh /kujkf”k visf{kr ewY; ;k /kujkf”k ls vf/kd gS rks jftLVªkj ,sls vkf/kD; fueqDr dj nsxkA ¼6½ rRi”pkr~ izoR̀r fdlh vU; fof/k esa fdlh izkf/kdr̀ ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] bl /kkjk ds v/khu nh xbZ izfrHkwfr ds lEcU/k esa QksjeSu fpV ds pkyw jgus ds nkSjku dksbZ laO;ogkj ugha djsxk] vkSj mlds lEcU/k esa QksjeSu }kjk vUrj.k] Hkkj] cU/kd ;k vU; foYyaxe ds :Ik esa dh xbZ dk;Zokgh “kwU; gksxhA 15&& bl vf/kfu;e vFkok rn~/khu cuk;s x;s fu;eksa ds micU/kksa ds v/khu jgrs gq,] QksjeSu && QksjeSu ds vf/kdkj ¼d½ fpV&djkj esa fdlh izfrdwy micU/k ds u gksus ij] fpV&djkj esa rnFkZ fofufnZ’V fdLr ij fpV dh /kujkf”k ikus dk] ¼[k½ fpV dh /kujkf”k ds ikap izfr”kr ls vuf/kd mrus deh”ku ;k ikfjJfed dk] tks fpV djkj esa fuf”pr fd;k tk;] ¼x½ vfHknkrkvksa ls lHkh va”knku izkIr vkSj olwy djus dk] ¼?k½ Hkkoh vfHknk;ksa dk lE;d :Ik ls Hkqxrku djus ds fy;s fdlh iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk ls Ik;kZIr izfrHkwfr dh ekax djus dk] Li’Vhdj.k & bl [k.M ds iz;kstukFkZ dksbZ izfrHkwfr Ik;kZIr dgh tk;xh ;fn iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk }kjk ns; /kujkf”k ls izfrHkwfr dk ewY; ,d&frgkbZ ls vf/kd gks] ;k ;fn izfrHkwfr LFkkoj laifRr ds :Ik esa gks rks ewY; M~;ks<s ls vf/kd gks( ¼³½ O;frdzeh vfHknkrkvksa ds LFkku ij nwljs vfHknkrk j[kus dk( vkSj ¼p½ ,sls lHkh vU; dk;Z djus dk] tks fpV ds lE;d~ vkSj leqfpr lapkyu ds fy;s vko”;d gks] gdnkj gksxkA 16&& ¼1½ QkSjeSu] iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk }kjk Hkkoh vfHknk;ksa dk lE;d~ :Ik ls Hkqxrku djus ds fy;s Ik;kZIr izfrHkwfr fn;s tkus ij mls iqjLdkj /kujkf”k dk Hkqxrku djus ds fy;s ck/; gksxk % QksjeSu ds drZO; IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd iqjLdkj vfHknkrk iqjLdkj /kujkf”k dk lHkh Hkkoh vfHknk;ksa dks dkVus ds Ik”pkr~] fdlh izdkj dh izfrHkwfr ds fcuk rRdky Hkqxrku fd;s tkus dh ekax djus dk gdnkj gksxk] vkSj ,slh n”kk esa QksjeSu vlyh fdLr ds fnukad ds iwoZ] fpV&djkj esa mfYyf[kr fdlh vuqeksfnr cSad esa bl izdkj dkVs x;s Hkkoh vfHknk; dh /kujkf”k tek djsxk] vkSj og bl izdkj tek /kujkf”k dks flok; Hkkoh vfHknk; ds Hkqxrku ds fy;s] ugha fudkysxkA 46 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 17&20À ¼2½ ;fn iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk ds O;fDrdze ds dkj.k fdUgha nksuksa ds lEcU/k esa ns; iqjLdkj /kujkf”k vkxkeh Mªk ds fnukad ds iwoZ vlanRr jg tk;] rks QksjeSu fpV&Q.M djkj esa mfYyf[kr fdlh vuqeksfnr cSad esa rRdky tek djsxk vkSj bl izdkj tek djus dh lalwpuk fyf[kr :Ik esa iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk vkSj jftLVªkj dks nsxkA ¼3½ izR;sd iqjLdkj /kujkf”k ds Hkqxrku] mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu Hkkoh vfHknk;ksa dh /kujkf”k dks tek djus] vkSj mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu iqjLdkj /kujkf”k dks tek djus dh lalwpuk vkxkeh Mªk ds le; vfHknkrk dks nh tk;xh] vkSj ,sls Hkqxrku ;k tek dh fof”kf’V;ka Mªk dh dk;Zokfg;ksa ds vfHkys[k esa ntZ dh tk;asxhA ¼4½ QksjeSu fdlh ,slh /kujkf”k ls] ftlds fy;s og /kkjk 15 ds [k.M ¼d½ vkSj ¼[k½ ds v/khu gdnkj gS] vf/kd dksbZ /kujkf”k vius fy;s fofu;ksftr ugha djsxk % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd QksjeSu ml C;kt ds flok;] tks mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu ;k /kkjk 24 ds v/khu dh xbZ tek ij tks] cSadksa esa tek fdlh /kujkf”k ij izksn~Hkwr gksus okys C;kt dks] vius fy;s fofu;ksftr dj ldsxkA 17&& IkzR;sd QksjeSu ,sls jftLVj vkSj ys[kk&cfg;ka] ,sls izi= esa j[ksxk] tks fofgr fd;s tk;saA jftLVj vkSj ys[kk cfg;ka 18&& ¼1½ izR;sd QksjeSu ,slh jhfr ls vkSj ,sls le; ds Hkhrj tks fofgr fd;k tk;] ys[kk&vof/k ls lEcfU/kr rqyu&Ik=] tks ;k rks dEiuht ,sDV] 1956 ds v/khu dEifu;ksa ds ys[kk&ijh{kdksa ds :Ik esa dk;Z djus ds fy;s lE;d :Ik ls vfgZr ys[kk ijh{kdksa }kjk ;k /kkjk 53 dh mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu fu;qDr fpV ys[kk&ijh{kdksa }kjk lE;d~ :Ik ls ys[kk ijhf{kr gks] rS;kj djsxk vkSj jftLVªkj ds le{k nkf[ky djsxkA rqyu i= vf/kfu;e la0 1] 1956 ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fufnZ’V rqyu&Ik= esa] & ¼d½ mlds }kjk lapkfyr lHkh fpVksa dh vkfLr;ksa vksj nkf;R;ksa dh laf{kfIr gksxh( ¼[k½ ,slh fof”kf’V;ka nh tk;sxh] ftuls ;g izdV gks fd mDr vkfLr;ksa vkSj nkf;Roksa dk Lo:Ik D;k gS vkSj mu vkfLr;ksa dk ewY; fdl izdkj fudkyk x;k gS( vkSj ¼x½ ,slh vU; fof”kf’V;ka gksxh tks fofgr dh tk;aA 19&& ¼1½ izR;sd QksjeSu vfHknkrkvksa dks ns; /kujkf”k dk ys[kk&tks[kk mUgsa nsus ds fy;s mRrjnk;h gksxkA vfHknkrkvksa ds izfr QksjeSu dk nkf;Ro ¼2½ tgka ,d ls vf/kd QksjeSu gkas rks muesa ls izR;sd laa;qDr vkSj IkF̀kdr% ;k ;fn QksjeSu dksbZ QeZ gks rks mlds Hkkxhnkjksa esa ls izR;sd la;qDr vkSj IkF̀kdr% vkSj ;fn QksjeSu dksbZ fuxe gks rks og fuxe] fpV ls mn~Hkwr gksus okyh ck/;rkvksa ds laca/k esa vfHknkrkvksa ds izfr mRrjnk;h gksxkA 20&& ¼1½ tgka fpV esa QksjeSu ds :Ik esa ,d ls vf/kd O;fDr gks rks muesa ls dksbZ Hkh fpV lekIr gksus rd mlls izR;kgr̀ ugha gksxk tc rd fd bl izdkj izR;kgr̀ gksus ds lEcU/k esa lHkh viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrkvksa vkSj vlanRr iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrkvksa }kjk lEefr u ns nh tk; vkSj ,slh laifRr fn;s tkus ds fnukad ls pkSng fnu ds Hkhrj “ks’k QksjeSuksa }kjk ,slh lgefr dh ,d “kq) izfr nkf[ky u dj nh tk;A QksjeSu dk izR;kgr̀ gksuk ¼2½ QksjeSu dk ,sls izR;kgj.k ls /kkjk 14 ds v/khu nh x;h izfrHkwfr ij dksbZ izHkko ugha iMsxkA 47 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 21&23À v/;k; 4 viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk 21&& izR;sd viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk visu vfHknk; dk Hkqxrku fpV&djkj esa mfYyf[kr le; vkSj LFkku ij djsxk vkSj ,slk Hkqxrku djus ij QksjeSu ls jlhn ikus dk gdnkj gksxkA viqjLd`r vfHknkrk vfHknku dk Hkqxrku djsaxs vkSj jlhn izir djsaxsA 22&& ¼1½ ¼d½ ,sls viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk dk uke] tks fpV&djkj dh “krksaZ ds vuqlkj vius vfHknku dk Hkqxrku djus esa O;frdze] djrk gS] vfHknkrkvksa dh lwph esa gVk;k tk ldsxkA O;frdzeh vfHknkrkvksa dk gVk;k tkuk ¼[k½ uke dk bl izdkj gVk;k tkuk] mlds fnukad lfgr] QksjeSu }kjk j[kh tkus okyh O;frdzeh vfHknkrkvksa dh iqfLrdk esa ntZ fd;k tk;xkA ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu O;frdzeh vfHknkrk dk uke gVk;s tkus ds fnukad ls pkSng fnu ds Hkhrj QksjeSu %& ¼d½ bl rF; dk uksfVl ,sls O;frdzeh vfHknkrk dks nsxk] vkSj ¼[k½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds [k.M ¼[k½ esa fufnZ’V jftLVj esa izfrf’V dh ,d “kq) izfr jftLVªkj ds le{k nkf[ky djsxkA ¼3½ vfHknkrkvksa dh lwph esa viuk uke gVk;s tkus ls {kqC/k dksbZ O;fDrdzeh vfHknkrk] gVk;s tkus dk uksfVl lalwfpr fd;s tkus ds lkr fnu ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj dks vihy dj ldrk gSA ¼4½ jftLVªkj Ik{kdkjksa dks lquokbZ dk volj nsus ds Ik”pkr~ vihy ij ,slk vkns”k ns ldrk gS] ftls og mfpr le>s vkSj jftLVªkj dk fofu”p; vfUre gksxkA 23&& ¼1½ QksjeSu vfHknkrkvksa dh lwph esa ,sls O;frdzeh vfHknkrk ds LFkku ij] ftldk uke /kkjk 22 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu ,slh lwph ls gVk fn;k x;k gks] fdlh O;fDr dks izfrLFkkfir dj ldsxk % vfHknkrk dk izfrLFkkuh IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd ,slk izfrLFkkiu rc rd ugha fd;k tk;xk tc rd fd /kkjk 22 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds [k.M ¼d½ ds v/khu O;frdzeh vfHknkrk dks fn;s uksfVl ds rkehy fd;s tkus ds fnukad ls iUnzg fnu O;rhr u gks tk;aA ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fufnZ’V izR;sd izfrLFkkiu dks mlds fnukad lfgr] /kkjk 22 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds [k.M ¼[k½ esa fufnZ’V iqfLrdk esa ntZ fd;k tk;xk vkSj QksjeSu ,slh izR;sd izfof’V dh ,d “kq) izfr] ,sls izfrLFkkiu ds fnukad ls pkSng fnu ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj ds le{k] bl izek.k&Ik= ds lkFk nkf[ky djsxk fd fpV dh mifof/k;ksa dh vkSj fpV&djkj dh izfr] tks “kq) izfr ds :Ik esa izekf.kr gks] izfrLFkkfir vfHknkrk dks ns nh xbZ gSA ¼3½ izfrLFkkfir vfHknkrk ls olwy fd;s x;s vfHknk; ds lHkh cdk;k dks] ftlesa ls QksjeSu }kjk vfxze nh xbZ /kujkf”k dks ?kVk fn;k tk;xk] fpV&djkj esa mfYyf[kr fdlh vuqeksfnr cSad esa jftLVªkj ds uke vxyh fdLr ds fnukad ds iwoZ QksjeSu }kjk tek fd;k tk;xkA Li’Vhdj.k& bl mi/kkjk ds iz;kstukFkZ ^^vfHknkuksa ds cdk;k** dk rkRi;Z izfrLFkkfir vfHknkrk ls olwy dh x;h lHkh iwoZorhZ fd”rksa ls gksxkA 48 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 24&26À 24&& ¼1½ tgka fd dksbZ izfrLFkkfir vfHknkrk iqjLdkj /kujkf”k vkgfjr djrk gS] ogka O;frdzeh vfHknkrk vius va”knkuksa dks] ,slh dVkSrh;ksa ds v/khu jgrs gq,] ftldh O;oLFkk fpV&djkj esa dh tk; vkSj tks fdlh Hkh n”kk esa ,sls O;frdzeh vfHknkrk }kjk igys ls izkIr ykHkka”k ls vf/kd u gksxh] olwy djus dk gdnkj gksxkA O;frdzeh vfHknkrk dks ns; /kujkf”k ds lEcU/k esa fdl izdkj dk;Zokgh dh tk;xh ¼2½ O;fDrdeh vfHknkrk }kjk ekax fd;s tkus ij vkSj mlds }kjk lE;d~ :Ik ls gLrk{kfjr vfHkLohdf̀r fu’ikfnr djus ij] QksjeSu jftLVªkj dks lHkh dVkSfr;ka djus ds Ik”pkr~ ns; /kujkf”k dh lwpuk nsxk vkSj jftLVªkj ,sls O;frdzeh vfHknkrk ds Ik{k esa pSd ;k Mªk¶V tkjh djsxkA ¼3½ ;fn O;frdzeh vfHknkrk mi;qZDr vfHkLohdf̀r nsus esa vlQy jgrk gS rks QksjeSu O;frdzeh vfHknkrk dks ns; /kujkf”k] vxyh fd”r ds fnukad ds iwoZ] fdlh vuqeksfnr cSad esa tek djsxk] vkSj bl izdkj tek djus ds rF; dh fyf[kr lalwpuk O;frdzeh vfHknkrk vkSj jftLVªkj dks nsxkA bl izdkj tek dh xbZ /kujkf”k QksjeSu }kjk O;frdzeh vfHknkrk dks Hkqxrku fd;s tkus ls fHkUu fdlh vU; iz;kstu ds fy;s ugha fudkyh tk;xhA v/;k; 5 iqjLd̀r vfHknkrk 25&& IkzR;sd iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk] lHkh Hkkoh vfHknk;ksa dh dVkSfr;ka fd;s fcuk iqjLdkj dh /kujkf”k ysus ds iwoZ] QksjeSu dks Ik;kZIr izfrHkwfr nsxk vkSj QksjeSu ,slh izfrHkwfr dks Hkkoh vfHknk;ksa dk lE;d~ Hkqxrku djus ds fy;s ysxk] vkSj ;fn QksjeSu iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk gS ;k /kkjk 15 ds [k.M ¼d½ ds v/khu fpV dh /kujkf”k vkgfjr djrk gS rks og jftLVªkj ds lUrks’kkuqlkj Hkkoh vfHknk;ksa ds lE;d~ Hkqxrku ds fy;s izfrHkwfr nsxk % IkqjLd̀r vfHknkrk izfrHkwfr nsxk IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd QksjeSu ls fHkUu dksbZ iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk] ftudh izfrHkwfr dks QksjeSu }kjk Ik;kZIr izfrHkwfr ds :Ik esa Lohdkj u fd;k tk;] ml fnukad ls tc og iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk gks tk;] rhu ekl ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj dks vihy dj ldsxk] tks Ik{kdkjksa dks lquokbZ dk volj nsus ds Ik”pkr~ vihy ij ,slk vkns”k ns ldsxk ftls og mfpr le>sa] vkSj ml fo’k; esa mldk fofu”p; vfUre gksxkA 26&& IkzR;sd iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk fpV&djkj esa mfYyf[kr le; vkSj LFkku rFkk fnukadksa ij viuk vfHknku fu;fer :Ik ls nsxk vkSj ,slk u djus ij og lHkh Hkkoh vfHknk;ksa dk lesfdr :Ik esa rRdky Hkqxrku djus dk nk;h gksxk % IkqjLd̀r vfHknkrk fu;fefr :Ik ls vfHknk; nsxk IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd QksjeSu fdlh O;frdzeh iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk dh vksj ls vfHknk; dh /kujkf”k izfrekl rc rd nsxk tc rd fd ,sls O;fDrdzeh iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk ds cdk;k dk lesfdr Hkqxrku vkSj lHkh Hkkoh fdLrsa olwy u gks tk;sa vkSj ml /kujkf”k dks QksjeSu ,sls iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk dh vksj ls vius }kjk fn;s x;s vfHknk; dks dkVus ds Ik”pkr~ jftLVªkj ds ys[ks esa tek djsxkA 49 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 27&30À 27&& ¼1½ ;fn Hkkoh vfHknk;ksa ds lesfdr Hkqxrkuksa ds fy, QksjeSu }kjk yk;s x;s fdlh okn esa] O;fDrdzeh iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk okn dh lquokbZ ds fy;s fu;r fnukad dks ;k mlds iwoZ] ml fnukad rd ds vfHknk;ksa dk cdk;k vkSj fpV&djkj esa mlds fy;s O;ofLFkr nj ls ;k ckjg izfr”kr izfro’kZ lk/kkj.k C;kt dh nj ls] blesa ls tks Hkh de gks] ml ij C;kt nsus vkSj QksjeSu dks Hkqxrku ds fy;s okn&O;; nsus dks lger gks ;k U;k;ky; esa ns rks] fdlh izfrdwy lafonk ds gksrs gq, Hkh U;k;ky; rnuqlkj fMdzh ikfjr djsxk % Lkesfdr Hkqxrku dh olwyh vkSj mldk fuLrkj.k izfrcU/k ;g gS fd ;fn dksbZ ,slk okn opu&Ik= ij gks rks bl mi/kkjk ds v/khu dksbZ fMdzh rc rd ikfjr ugha dh tk;sxh tc rd fd ,sls opu&Ik= esa Li’V :Ik ls ;g of.kZr u gks fd rn~/khu ns; /kujkf”k fpV ds vfHknk;ksa ds Hkqxrku ds lEcU/k esa gSA ¼2½ izfrHkwfr ds :Ik esa izLrqr dh x;h lEifRr ;k mlds fdlh Hkkx esa fgr j[kus okyk dksbZ O;fDr mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu Hkqxrku djus dk gdnkj gksxkA ¼3½ ¼d½ QksjeSu }kjk Hkkoh vfHknk;ksa ds fy;s olwy fd;s x;s lHkh lesfdr Hkqxrku fdlh vuqeksfnr cSaad esa vkxkeh fdLr ds fnukad ds iwoZ tek fd;s tk;saxs vkSj mUgsa dsoy Hkkoh vfHkn;ksa ds Hkqxrku ds fy;s gh fudkyk tk ldrk gS ( ¼[k½ tgka dksZ lEifRr lesfdr Hkqxrku ds cnys esa Lohdkj dh tk; rks og Hkkoh vfHknk;ksa ds lE;d~ Hkqxrku ds fy, izfrHkwfr ds :Ik easa cuh jgsxhA v/;k; 6 vUrj.k 28&& ¼1½ iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrkvksa ls vfHknk; ysus ds QksjeSu ds vf/kdkjksa dk vUrj.k jftLVªkj dh fyf[kr iwoZ Lohdf̀r ds fcuk ugha fd;k tk;xkA QksjeSu ds vf/kdkjksa ds vUrj.k ij fucZU/ku ¼2½ dksbZ ,slk viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk ;k vlanRr iqjLd`r vfHknkrk] tks ;g nkok djrk gSk fd fdlh ,sls vUrj.k ls mlds fgr ij izfrdwy izHkko iM+sxk] vUrj.k dks vikLr djus ds fy;s jftLVªkj dks vkosnu dj ldrk gS] vkSj jftLVªkj rnFkZ lek/kku gks tkus ij] mu dkj.kksa ls tks vfHkfyf[kr fd;s tk;saxs] mls vikLr dj ldrk gSA ¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu fdUgha Hkh dk;Zokfg;ksa esa ;g lkfcr djus dk Hkkj vUrfjrh ij gksxk fd vUrj.k ls fdlh vfHknkrk ds] ftlus ml ij vk{ksi fd;k gks] fgr ij dksbZ izfrdwy izHkko iM+us dh lEHkkouk ugha gSA 29&& fdlh viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk }kjk fpV esa mlds vf/kdkjksa dk izR;sd vUrj.k fyf[kr :Ik esa gksxk tks de ls de nks lkf{k;ksa }kjk lE;d~ :Ik ls vuqizekf.kr gksxk vkSj QksjeSu dks izLrqr fd;k tk;xkA ViqjLd̀r vfHknkrk ls vf/kdkj dk vUrj.k fyf[kr :I esa gksxk 30&& /kkjk 29 ds v/khu izR;sd vUrj.k dks QksjeSu }kjk ekU;rk nh tk;xh] tc rd fd og ;g u le>s fd vUrfjrh “kks/k{ke ugha gS vFkok vUrj.k ls rRle; izoR̀r fdlh fof/k ds micU/k foQy gksrs gSaA QksjeSu }kjk vUrj.k dks ekU;rk nsuk 50 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 31&35À 31&& /kkjk 28 ;k /kkjk 29 esa fufnZ’V izR;sd vUrj.k Qksjesu }kjk fpV iqfLrdk esa rqjUr ntZ fd;k tk;xk vkSj QksjeSu] ,slh izfof’V djus ds fnukad ls pkSng fnu ds Hkhrj ,slh izfof’V dh ,d “kq) izfr jftLVªkj dks izLrqr djsxk] ftlds lkFk ;g izek.k&Ik= gksxk fd fpV dh mifof/k;ksa vkSj fpV&djkj dh izfr] tks “kq) izfr ds :Ik esa izekf.kr gks] lEcn~/k vUrfj.kh dks ns nh xbZ gSA IkqfLrdk esa vUrfjfr;ksa ds uke ntZ djuk v?;k; 7 fpVksa dh lekfIr 32&& ¼1½ tgka ,sls fdlh QksjeSu dh] tks O;fDr gS] èR;q gks tk; ;k og fodr̀ fpRr dk ;k vU;Fkk vleFkZ gks tk; rks fpV dks fpV&djkj ds micU/kksa ds vuqlkj] tgka djkj esa ,slh O;oLFkk gks] tkjh j[kk tk ldrk gSA dfri; n”kkvksa esa fpVksa dks tkjh j[kus ds fy;s micU/k ¼2½ ,sls fdlh QksjeSu dh n”kk esa tks QeZ] gks] ;fn fdlh Hkkxhnkj dh èR;q gks tk; ;k og fodr̀ fpRr dk ;k vU;Fkk leFkZ gks tk; rks fpV&djkj esa fdUgha izfrdwy micU/kksa ds u gksus ij fpV dks lekIr gqvk ugha le>k tk;xk vkSj mRrjthoh Hkkxhnkj fpV dk lapkyu djsxk ;k djsaxsA 33&& dksbZ fpV lekIr gqbZ le>h tk;xh &&&& fpV dh lekfIr ¼d½ tc fpV&djkj esa fu;r vof/k lekIr gks xbZ gks] ijUrq ;g rc tc fd lHkh vfHknkrkvksa dks ns;ksa dk Hkqxrku iwjk dj fn;k x;k gks] ;k ¼[k½ tc lHkh viqjLdr̀ rFkk vlanRr iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk fpV lekIr djus ds fy;s fyf[kr :Ik esa lEefr ns vkSj ,slh lEefr dh izfr /kkjk 34 dh vis{kkuqlkj nkf[ky dj nh tk;] ;k ¼x½ tc ,sls QksjeSu dh] tks O;fDr gks] eR̀;q gks tk; ;k og fodr̀ fpRr dk ;k vU;Fkk vleFkZ gks tk; vkSj fpV&djkj esa fpV dks tkjh j[kus dh O;oLFkk u gks ;k tc QksjeSu tks fd QeZ gS] ds Hkkxhnkj dh èR;q gks tk; ;k og fodr̀ fpRr dk ;k vU;Fkk vleFkZ gks tk; vkSj fpV&djkj esa ,slh n”kk esa fpV dks cUn dj nsus dh O;oLFkk gksA 34&& /kkjk 20 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ;k /kkjk 33 ds [k.M ¼[k½ esa mfYyf[kr izR;sd lEefr dh] mlds fnukad lfgr] ,d “kq) izfr] ,slh lEEefr fn;s tkus ds fnukad ls pkSng fnu ds Hkhrj QkSjeSu ;k “ks’k QksjeSu ;k QksjeSuksa }kjk jftLVªkj ds le{k nkf[ky dh tk;sxhA jftLVªkj ds le{k lEefr nkf[ky djuk 35&& /kkjk 33 [k.M ¼d½ vkSj ¼[k½ es fufnZ’V n”kkvksa ds flok; ------ viqjLd`r vfHknkrkvksa ds va”knku dk ykSVk;k tkuk ¼1½ izR;sd viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk] tc rd fd fpV&djkj esa vU;Fkk O;oLFkk u dh x;h gks] fpV dh lekfIr ij] mlds }kjk izkIr ykHkka”k dks] ;fn dksbZ gks] dkVs fcuk viuk va”knku okil ikus dk gdnkj gksxk % 51 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 36&39À IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd dksbZ O;fDr ftls fdlh viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk ds vf/kdkj /kkjk 29 ds v/khu vUrfjr fd;s tk;s] vius va”knkuksa ds vfrfjDr] tc rd fd fpV&djkj esa vU;Fkk O;oLFkk u dh xbZ gks] ,sls viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk }kjk fn;s x;s va”knkuksa dks okil ikus ds fy;s gdnkj gksxkA ¼2½ ;fn fpV&djkj esa ewyr% fu;r fnukad ds iwoZ fnukad dks fpV lekIr gks tk; rks viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk dk nkok ml fnukad ls mn~Hkwr le>k tk;xk tc mls bl izdkj lekIr djus dk uksfVl izkIr gksA 36&& Tkgka fpV ds lEcU/k esa QksjeSu }kjk _.k ns; gks vkSj mlds }kjk vU; _.k Hkh gks ogka vfHknkrkvksa dks ns; fpV lEcU/kh _.k fpV vkfLr;ksa ij izFke Hkkj gksaxsA vfHknkrkvksa ds ns; fpV vkfLr;ksa ij izFke Hkkj gksaxs v/;k; 8 nLrkost dk fujh{k.k 37&& izR;sd QksjeSu] ikap #I;s ls vuf/kd ,slh Qhl tks fpV&djkj esa fofufnZ’V dh tk;] nsus ij] viqjLdr̀ rkk vlanRr iqjldr̀ vfHknkrkvksa dks fpV Mªk fd;s tkus ds lHkh fnu vFkok ,sls fnu rFkk ,sls le; ds Hkhrj ftldh fpV&djkj esa O;oLFkk dh tk;] iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrkvksa ls fy;s x;s ;k vfHknkrk dh gSfl;r ls Lo;a QksjeSu }kjk izLrqr fd;s x;s izfrHkwfr&Ik=ksa vkSj nLrkostksa] jlhnksa rFkk vU; vfHkys[kksa vkSj lHkh fpV&vfHkys[kksa dk ftlds vUrxZr ys[kk&okfg;ka] ikl&rqyu&Ik= vkSj ykHk&ghu dk ys[kk rFkk ,sls vU; vfHkys[k] ftuls fpV ;kstuk dh okLrfod foRrh; fLFkfr iznf”kZr gks] Hkh gS] fujh{k.k djus ds fy;s lHkh ;qfDr;qDr lqfo/kk;sa nsxkA QksjeSu vfHknkrkvksa dks fpV ds vfHkys[kksa dk ijh{k.k djus dh vuqKk nsxk 38&& fpV lEcU/kh lHkh vfHkys[k QksjeSu }kjk vfody :Ik esa ifjjf{kr fd;s tk;sasxs vkSj fpV lekIr gksus ds fnukad ls N% o’kZ dh vof/k ds fy;s j[ks tk;saxsA QkSjeSu }kjk fpV vfHkys[kksa dk ifjj{k.k 39&& ¼1½ jftLVªkj ;k mlds }kjk rnFkZ izkf/kdr̀ dksbZ vf/kdkjh fpV&iqfLrdkvksa vkSj fpV lEcU/kh lHkh vfHkys[kksa dk fujh{k.k dj ldrk gSA fpV iqfLrdkvksa dk fujh{k.k rFkk vfHkys[kksa dk fujh{k.k ¼2½ izR;sd QksjeSu jftLVªkj ;k mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu izkf/kdr̀ vf/kdkjh ds le{k ,sls le; vkSj LFkku ij] tSlh og vis{kk djsa] fpV&iqfLrdkvksa vkSj vfHkys[kksa dks izLrqr djus ds fy;s ck/; gksxk vkSj mls dksbZ vU; lwpuk] ftldh og vis{kk djs] nsxk % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd ,slk fujh{k.k QksjeSu ds Hkw&x̀gkfn ij fd;k tk ldrk gS] ;fn og vfxze :Ik ls ,slh Qhl ns] tks fujh{k.k ds fy;s fofgr dh tk; % vxzsrj izfrcU/k ;g gS fd ;fn QksjeSu caSafdx dEiuh; ,sDV] 1949 esa ;FkkifjHkkf’kr dksbZ csdjkjh dEiuh gks rks ,slk fujh{k.k dsoy dEiuh ds Hkw&xzgkfn ij vkSj dsoy dk;Z fnol dks gh fd;k tk;xk vkSj ,slk QksjeSu ,slh Qhl nsxk] tks fujh{k.k ds fy;s fofgr dh tk;A ,sDV la- 10] 1949 52 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 40À ¼3½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa mfYyf[kr dksbZ vf/kdkjh vius le{k izLrqr dh xbZ fdUgha ys[kk&cfg;ksa ;k nLrkostksa dks ,slh vof/k ds fy;s ftls og mfpr le>s] ifjcn~/k dj ldrk gS vkSj viuh vfHkj{kk esa j[k ldrk gS % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd ,slk vf/kdkjh& ¼d½ ys[kk&cfg;ksa ;k vU; nLrkostksa dks ifjcn~/k djus ds vius dkj.kksa dks vfHkfyf[kr fd;s fcuk ,slk ugha djsxk] ;k ¼[k½ flok; Ik;kZIr rFkk viokfnr dkj.kksa ds tks vfHkfyf[kr fd;s tk;saxs] vodk”k ds fnu dks vioftZr djrs gq, iUnzg fnu ls vf/kd vof/k ds fy, vkSj jftLVªkj ls fHkUu vf/kdkjh dh n”kk esa jftLVªkj ls rnFkZ fyf[kr vuqeksnu fy, fcuk viuh vfHkj{kk esa fdUgha ,slh iqfLrdkvksa ;k nLrkostksa dks ugha j[ksxkA v/;k; 9 fpVksa dk ifjlekiu 40&& fpV ,sls fofgr izkf/kdkjh }kjk] ftldh ml LFkku ij tgka fpV jftLVªhdr̀ dh x;h gks] vf/kdkfjrk gks] ifjlekfIkr dh tk ldrh gS] ;fn&&& fpV dc ikfjlekfIkr dh tk ldrh gS ¼d½ fpV /kkjk 33 ds [k.M ¼x½ ds v/khu lekIr gks x;h gS] ;k ¼[k½ QksjeSu /kkjk 14 esa fofufnZZ’V izfrHkwfr nsus esa lQy jgrk gS ;k ;fn og mlds lEcU/k esa ,slk dk;Z djrk gS] ftlls izfrHkwfr ds Lo:Ik ;k mlds ewY; lkfRod :Ik ls gk̀l gks ldrk gks] ;k ¼x½ QksjeSu bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa ds vuqlkj dh /kujkf”k tek djus esa vlQy jgrk gS ;k ¼?k½ fofgr izkf/kdkjh ds lUrks’kkuqlkj ;g fl) gks tk; fd QksjeSu vfHknkrkvksa dks ns; /kujkf”k dk Hkqxrku djus esa vleFkZ gS] ;k ¼³½ fpV ds fdlh vfHknkrk dks ns; /kujkf”k;ksa ds lEcU/k esa mlds Ik{k esa fdlh U;k;ky; dh fMdzh ;k vkns”k ij tkjh fd;k x;k fu’iknu ;k vU; vknsf”kdk iw.kZr% ;k vkaf”kd :Ik esa ykSVk nh tkrh gS] ;k ¼p½ ;g lkfcr gks tk;s fd iqjLdkj vfHknkrkvksa ls izR;kHkwfr;ka ysus ds ekeys esa QksjeSu dh vksj ls diV ;k nqLlaf/k dh x;h gS] ;k ¼N½ QksjeSu us Hkkoh vfHknk;ksa ds fy, Ik;kZIr izR;kof̀r fn;s fcuk] vfHknkrk dh gSfl;r ls iqjLdkj dh /kujkf”k fofu;ksftr dh gS] ;k ¼t½ ;g vU;Fkk U;k;laxr vkSj lkE;ksfpr gks fd fpV ifjlekfIkr dj nh tkuh pkfg,A Li’Vhdj.k %& [k.M ¼?k½ ds iz;kstukFkZ ;g vo/kkfjr djus esa fd D;k QksjeSu vfHknkrkvksa dks ns; /kujkf”k;ka nsus esa vleFkZ gS] fofgr izkf/kdkjh fpV ds lEcU/k esa mlds lekfJr rFkk Hkkoh nkf;Roksa dks /;ku esa j[ksxk % IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd dEiuht ,sDV] 1956 ds vUrxZr fdlh dEiuh }kjk lapkfyr fpV dsoy ml U;k;ky; }kjk] ftldk ml vf/kfu;e ds v/khu vf/kdkfjrk gks] ifjlekfir dh tk ldrh gSA 53 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 41&46À 41&& fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s ;FkkfLFkfr fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; dks vkosnu fdlh viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk ;k vlanRr iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk }kjk ;k jftLVªkj }kjk ;kfpdk ds :Ik esa fn;k tk;sxkA flfoy izfdz;k lafgrk] 1908 }kjk fofgr jhfr ls gLrk{kfjr rFkk lR;kfir gksxh] vkSj mlesa ,slh fof”kf’V;ka gksxh tks fofgr dh tk;sa % Ikfjlekiu ds fy;s vkosnu&Ik= IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd /kkjk 40 ds [k.M ¼?k½ ;k [k.M ¼t½ ds v/khu fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s dksbZ vkosnu rc rd ugha fn;k tk ldsxk tc rd fd ,slh ;kfpdk & ¼d½ ,sls viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrkvksa rFkk vlanRr iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrkvksa }kjk ftuds fpV esa vfHknk;ksa dk ;ksx leLr viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrkvksa rFkk vlanRr iqjLdr̀ vfHknkrkvksa }kjk vlanRr /kujkf”k ds iPphl izfr”kr ls de u gks] ;k ¼[k½ jftLVªkj }kjk ;k mldh iwoZ Lohdf̀r ls] izLrqr u dh tk;A Li’Vhdj.k %& bl izfrcU/kkRed [k.M ds iz;kstukFkZ] fVdV ds fHkUuka”k dk vfHknkrk dsoy ml fHkUuka”k rd gh vfHknkrk le>k tk;sxkA 42&& /kkjk 40 rFkk 41 esa fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s fufgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; }kjk /kkjk 40 ds v/khu dksbZ ;kfpdk xzg.k ugha dh tk;xh] ;fn QksjeSu dks fnokfy;k U;k; fu.khZr djus ds fy;s izkfofU”k;y bUlkyosUlh ,sDV] 1020 ds v/khu mldh fo#) dk;Zokfg;ksa fopkjk/khu gks vFkok tgka QksjeSu dksbZ dEiuh gks] dEiuht ,sDV] 1956 ds v/khu ml dEiuh ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s mlds fo:n~/k dk;Zokfg;ka fopkj/khu gksA fnokyk ;k lekiu ifjlekiu dk;Zokfg;ksa dks oftZr djsxh 43&& fdlh fpV ds ifjlekiu dk vkns”k mu lHkh vfHknkrkvksa ds Ik{k esa izofrZr gksxk] ftUgsa fpV ls /kujkf”k;ka ns; gks vkSj og ifjlekiu ds fy;s vkosnu izLrqr fd;s tkus ds le; ls izHkkoh le>k tk;sxkA Ikfjlekiu vkns”k dk izkjEHk vkSj izHkko 44& fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky;] QksjeSu ds ;k fdlh ,sls vfHknkrk ds ftls fpV ds lEcU/k esa /kujkf”k ns; gks] vkosnu ij] bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s vkosnu Ik= izLrqr fd;s tkus ds Ik”pkr fdlh Hkh le;] varfje fjlhoj fu;qDr fd;s tkus dk vFkok fpV ds lEcU/k esa ns; /kujkf”k dh olwyh ds fy;s QksjEkSu ds fo#) lafLFkr fdlh ckn ;k dk;Zokgh esa vxzsrj dk;Zofg;ksa dks ,slh “krksZa ij ftUgsa fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; mfpr le>s] jksdus dk vkns”k ns ldrk gSA vUrfje fjlhoj rFkk vU; dk;Zokfg;ksa dk jksdk tkuk 45&& vkosnu dh lquokbZ ij fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; mls [kpZ lfgr ;k fcuk [kpZ ds [kkfjt dj ldrk gS vFkok l”krZ ;k fcuk “krZ ds lquokbZ LFkfxr dj ldrk gS ;k vUrfje vkns”k ;k dksbZ vU; vkns”k ns ldrk gS] tSlk og mfpr le>sA vkosnu&Ik= dh lquokbZ ij U;k;ky; dh “kfDr;ka 46&& fpV ds ifjlekiu dk vkns”k fn;s x;s tkus ij fpV dh lEiw.kZ vkfLr;ka mu vfHknkrkvksa esa forj.k ds fy;s] ftUgsa fpV ds laca/k esa /kujkf”k;ka ns; gks] ;FkkfLFkfr] fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; esa fufgr gks tk;sxh vkSj ,slh fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; fjlhoj fu;qDr djsxk rFkk bl fo’k; esa ,sls vkns”k nsxk] tks og mfpr le>sA forj.k ds fy;s fpV vkfLr;ka fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; esa fufgr gksaxh 54 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 47&51À 47&& Tkgka fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k fdlh U;k;ky; }kjk dksbZ ifjlekiu vkns”k fn;k x;k gks] ogka fpV ds lEcU/k esa vfHknkrk dks ns; /kujkf”k dh olwyh ds fy;s vfHknkrk }kjk QksjeSu ds fo#) dksbZ okn ;k vU; fof/kd dk;Zokfg;kaa flok; fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; dh vuqefr ls vkSj ,slh “krksaZ ij ftUgsa fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; vf/kjksfir djsa] u rks tkjh j[kh tk;saxh vkSj u izkjEHk dh tk;saxhA Ikfjlekiu ds vkns”kksa ij ckn vkfn dk #d tkuk 48&& ¼1½ ifjlekiu vkns”k ds fn;s tkus ij] ifjlekiu dk;Zokfg;ksa ds ;kph dk vkSj fjlhoj dk ;g drZO; gksxk fd os vkns”k dh ,d izfr] vkns”k fn;s tkus ds fnukad ls ,d Hkkx ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj ds le{k nkf[ky djsa % vkns”k dh izfr jftLVªkj ds ikl nkf[ky dh tk;xh IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd jftLVªkj ,sls ;kph ;k fjlhoj ds fyf[kr vkosnu ij] Lofoosdkuqlkj] ,slh dksbZ izfr nkf[ky djus ds fy;s iUnzg fnu ls vuf/kd dk vkSj le; ns ldrk gSA ¼2½ ifjlekiu vkns”k dh izfr nkf[ky djus ij jftLVªkj fpV ls lEcfU/kr viuh iqfLrdkvksa esa mlds ckjs esa ntZ djsxk vkSj mls ljdkjh xtV esa vf/klwfpr djsxkA 49&& ¼1½ tgka fpV ds ifjlekiu dh dk;Zokfg;ksa ds fopkjk/khu jgus ds nkSjku QksjeSu fnokfy;k U;k;fu.khZr fd;k tk; vFkok tc QksjeSu dksbZ dEiuh gks ml dEiuh dks dEiuht ,sDV] 1956 ds v/khu ifjlekiu dk vkns”k fn;k tk; rks bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu ifjlekiu dk;Zokfg;ka lekIr gks tk;saxh] vkSj /kkjk 36 vkSj 44 ds micU/kksa ds v/khu jgrs gq,] fpV vkfLr;ksa dk forj.k] ;FkkfLFkfr] fnokyk fo’k;d U;k;ky; ;k dEiuh dks ifjlekfir djus okys U;k;ky; }kjk fd;k tk;xkA QksjeSu ds fnokfy;k gksus ij ifjlekiu dk;Zokfg;ksa dk LFkxu vkSj fnokyk fo’k;d dk;Zokfg;ksa dk vUrj.k ¼2½ tgka QksjeSu ds fo#) fnokyk fo’k;d dk;Zokfg;ka fofHkUu U;k;ky;ksa esa fopkjk/khu gks rks mDr U;k;ky; fdUgha dk;Zokfg;ksa dks ,d U;k;ky; ls nwljs U;k;ky; dks vUrfjr dj ldrk gSaA 50&& ¼1½ tgka fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s fn;k x;k vkosnu [kkfjt dj fn;k tk; vkSj fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; dk ;g lek/kku gks tk; fd vkosnu rqPN ;k rax djus okyk gS rks fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; vkosnd ds fo#) ikap lkS #Ik;s ls vuf/kd mruh /kujkf”k vf/kfu.khZr dj ldrk gS] ftls og vkosnu vkSj mlds lEcU/k esa dk;Zokfg;ksa ds dkj.k QksjeSu dh gqbZ {kfr ;k C;; ds fy;s QksjeSu dks fn;k tkus okyk ;qfDr;qDr izfrdj le>s] vkSj ,slh /kujkf”k bl izdkj olwy dh tk;xh ekuksa vfHkfu.kZ; dksbZ fMdh gksA RkqPN ;k rax djus okys vkosnu ds fy, izfrdj ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu izfrdj ds vfHkfu.kZ; ls izfrdj dk dksbZ IkF̀kd okn oftZr gks tk;sxkA 51&& ¼1½ dksbZ O;fDr] tks fpV ds ifjlekiu dh dk;Zokfg;ksa esa] fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k mPp U;k;ky; ls fHkUu fdlh U;k;ky; ds fofu”p; ;k vkns”k ls O;fFkr gks] ,sls fofu”p; ;k vkns”k ds fnukad ls nks ekl dh vof/k ds Hkhrj mPp U;k;ky; dks vihy dj ldrk gS] ftldk ml ij fofu”p; vfUre gksxkA vihy djus dk vf/kdkj ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds micU/kksa ds v/khu jgrs gq,] ,slh dk;Zokfg;ksa esa fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; dk izR;sd fofu”p; ;k vkns”k vfUre gksxkA 55 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 52&53À 52&& ¼1½ tgka bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fpV ifjlekfir djus ls bUdkj djus dk vkns”k fn;k tk; ogka viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrkvksa ds lEcU/k esa fpV dks mDr vkosnu&Ik= izLrqr djus ds fnukad ls ,sls vkns”k ds fnukad rd fuyfEcr le>k tk;xk] vkSj fpV djkj esa fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh] ,sls fdlh viqjLdr̀ vfHknkrk dks tks fijlekiu ds fy;s vkosnu izLrqr fd;s tkus ds fnukad dks O;fDrdzeh ugha Fkk] mlds [kkfjt fd;s tkus ds fnukad dks O;fDrdzeh ugha le>k tk;sxkA Ikfjlhek ¼2½ tgka bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu fpV dks ifjlekfIr djus ls bUdkj djus dk vkns”k fn;k x;k gks] ogka ml okn ;k vkosnu ls] ftlds lEcU/k esa fofgr izkf/kdkjh ;k U;k;ky; dh vuqefr ys yh x;h gks] fHkUu fdlh ckn ;k fof/kd dk;Zokfg;ksa ds fy;s tks yk;h x;h gks] ;k lafLFkr dh x;h gks] fofgr ifjlhek dky dh lax.kuk esa ls fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s vkosnu izLrqr djus ds fnukad ls mls bUdkj djus ds vkns”k ds fnukad rd dh vof/k fudky nh tk;xhA ¼3½ bl vf/kfu;e dh fdlh ckr ls ,slh “ks’k /kujkf”k ds fy,] ;fn dksbZ gks] tks vfHknkrk dks fpV ds ifjlekiu dh dk;Zokfg;ksa esa vfUre ykHkka”k ?kksf’kr fd;s tkus ds Ik”pkr~ ns; gks] QksjeSu ds fo#) O;fDrxr :Ik ls okn ;k vkosnu }kjk dk;Zokgh djus ds vfHknkrk ds vf/kdkj ij dksbZ izHkko ugha iM+sxk] vkSj fdlh ,sls ckn ;k vosnu ds fy;s fofgr ifjlhek dky dh lax.kuk esa ls fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s vkosnu izLrqr djus ds fnukad ls vfUre ykHkka”k ?kksf’kr fd;s tkus ds fnukad rd dh vof/k fudky nh tk;sxhA v/;k; 10 vf/kdkjh] fujh{k.k vkSj Qhl 53&& ¼1½ jkT; ljdkj] ljdkjh xtV esa] vf/klwpuk }kjk] fpV jftLVªkj vkSj mrus vij] la;qDr] mi rFkk lgk;d jftLVªkj ftrus vko”;d gksa] fu;qDr dj ldrh gSA jftLVªkj vkSj ys[kk& ijh{kd ¼2½ vij] la;qDr] mi ;k lgk;d jftLVªkj ds lkekU; v/kh{k.k rFkk fu;a=.k ds v/khu bl vf/kfu;e ds varxZr jftLVªkj ds ,sls dR̀;ksa dk fuoZgu djsxk] tks jftLVªkj rnFkZ fofufnZ’V djsA ¼3½ jftLVªkj mrus fpV ys[kk&ijh{kd fu;qDr dj ldrk gS] ftrus bl vf/kfu;e }kjk ;k blds v/khu fpV&ys[kk ijh{kdksa ij vf/kjksfir drZO;ksa ds fuoZgu ds iz;kstukFkZ vko”;d gksA ¼4½ tgka jftLVªkj dh ;g jk; gks fd fdlh fpV ds ys[ks mfpr :Ik ls j[ks ugha tkrs gSa vkSj ys[kksa dh ys[kk&ijh{kk dh tkuh pkfg;s] ogka ,sls ys[kksa dh fdlh fpV ys[kk&ijh{kd }kjk ys[kk&ijh{kk djuk mlds fy, fof/kiw.kZ gksxkA lEc) fpV ds QksjeSu dk ;g dRrZO; gksxk fd og fpV ys[kk&ijh{kd ds le{k fpV ls lEcfU/kr lHkh ys[kksa] iqfLrdkvksa rFkk vU; vfHkys[kksa dks izLrqr dj] mls ,slh lwpuk ns ftldh vis{kk dh tk;] vkSj mls ,slh lHkh lgk;rk rFkk lqfo/kk;sa nsa] tks vko”;d ;k ;qfDr;qDr gksa vkSj ftudh fpV ds ys[kksa dh ijh{kk djus ds lEcU/k esa vis{kk dh tk;A ¼5½ QksjeSu] mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds v/khu fpV ds ys[kksa dh ijh{kk ds fy, fpV&ijh{kdksa dks ,slh Qhl nsxk] tks fofgr dh tk;A 56 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 54&57À 54&& fpV jftLVªkj “kk”or mRrjkf/kdkjh okyk ,dy fuxe gksxk vkSj mldh ,d lkekU; eqnzk gksxh rFkk mls lEifRr vftZr djus] /kkj.k djus vkSj mldk fuLrkj.k djus dh “kfDr gksxh rFkk og vius fuxfer uke ls okn izLrqr dj ldsxk vkSj mlds fo#) okn izLrqr fd;k tk ldsxkA jftLVªkj ,dek= fu;e gksxk 55&& dksbZ O;fDr ,slh Qhl nsus ij] tks fofgr dh tk;& jftLVªkj ds dk;kZy; esa nLrkostksa dk fujh{k.k ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªkj }kjk j[ks x;s fdUgha nLrkostksa ;k vfHkys[k dk fujh{k.k dj ldrk gS] vkSj ¼2½ ,sls fdlh nLrkost ;k vfHkys[k dh izekf.kr izfr ;k mlls m)j.k ys ldrk gSA 56&& ¼1½ jftLVªkj dks && Qhl dk mn~xzg.k ¼d½ /kkjk 3 ds v/khu fpV dh mifof/k;ksa ds jftLVªhdj.k] ¼[k½ /kkjk 7 ds v/khu dkjksckj izkjEHk djus dk izek.k&Ik= nsus] ¼x½ jftLVªkj ds le{k fpV djkj vkSj /kkjk 12] 22] 23] 31 vkSj 34 ds v/khu nLrkostksa dh izfrfyfi;ka nkf[ky djus] ¼?k½ /kkjk 55 ds v/khu nLrkostksa rFkk vfHkys[kksa dk fujh{k.k djus] ¼³½ /kkjk 55 ds v/khu nLrkostksa rFkk vfHkys[kksa dh izekf.kr izfrfyfi;ka ;k muls m)j.k ysus] ¼p½ QksjeSu ds ys[kksa dh ys[kk&ijh{kk djus vkSj ys[kk&ijh{kk izek.k&Ik= nsus] rFkk ¼N½ ,sls vU; fo’k;] tks fofgr fd;s tk,] ds fy;s ,slh Qhl nh tk;sxh tks fofgr dh tk;A ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu ns; Qhl lkj.kh ljdkjh xtV esa izdkf”kr dh tk;sxhA v/;k; 11 Ikzdh.kZ 57&& ¼1½ dksbZ QksjeSu] tks jftLVªkj ds ,sls vkns”k ls O;fFkr gks] ftlds }kjk ----- vihy ¼d½ /kkjk 3 mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu fpV dh mifof/k;ksa dh jftLVªh djus ls budkj fd;k x;k gks] ¼[k½ /kkjk 7 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds v/khu izkjEHk djus dk izek.k&Ik= nsus ls bUdkj fd;k x;k gksA ¼x½ /kkjk 14 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds [k.M ¼d½ ds v/khu ;k /kkjk 25 ds v/khu izLFkkfir izfrHkwfr Lohdkj djus ls bUdkj fd;k x;k gks] ¼?k½ /kkjk 14 dh mi/kkjk ¼4½ ;k mi/kkjk ¼5½ ds v/khu izfrHkwfr ds :Ik esa Hkkfjr lEifRr dks fueqZDr djus ls ;k udn izfrHkwfr ;k ljdkjh izfrHkwfr;ksa dks fueqZDr djus dk vkns”k nsus ls bUdkj fd;k x;k gks] ;k 57 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 58&59À ¼M-½ /kkjk 28 dh mi/kkkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu vUrj.k dh Lohdf̀r nsus ls bUdkj fd;k x;k gks] Okg ,slk vkns”k lalwfpr fd;s tkus ds rhu fnu ds Hkhrj jkT; ljdkj dks ;k ,sls vf/kdkjh ;k izkf/kdkjh dks] tks jkT; ljdkj }kjk rnFkZ jk”kDr gks] vihy dj ldrk gSA ¼2½ jkT; ljdkj ;k ;Fkk miq;ZDr ,slk vf/kdkjh] ;k izkf/kdkjh] vihykFkhZ vkSj jftLVªkj vFkok mlds izfrfuf/k dks lquokbZ dk volj nsus ds Ik”pkr~ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu vihy ij ,slk vkns”k ns ldrk gS ftls og mfpr le>s] vkSj bl izdkj fn;k x;k fofu”p; vfUre gksxkA 58&& jftLVªkj] Lofodsdkuqlkj vkSj /kkjk 22 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½] /kkjk 23 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½] /kkjk 31 ;k /kkjk 34 esa fofufnZ’V pkSng fnu dh vof/k ds Hkhrj fdlh QksjeSu }kjk fyf[kr vkosnu nsus ij] QksjeSu dks Åij fufnZ’V fdUgha micU/kksa ds v/khu fdlh nLrkost dh izfr nkf[ky djkus ds fy;s iUnzg fnu ls vuf/kd dk vfrfjDr le; ns ldrk gSA dfri; ekeyksa esa foyEc dks miefiZr djus dh jftLVªkj dh “kfDr 59&& ¼1½ tks dksbZ /kkjk 3] /kkjk 4 ;k /kkjk 7 ds fdUgha micU/kksa dk mYya?ku djsxk vFkok mYya?ku fd;s tkus dk nq’izsj.kk djsxk] og dkjkokl ls ftldh vof/k nks o’kZ rd dh gks ldsxh ;k tqekZus ls tks ikap gtkj #Ik;s rd gks ldsxk ;k nksuksa ls n.Muh; gksxkA “kkfLr;ka ¼2½ dksbZ QksjeSu] tks ;qfDr ;qDr dkj.k ds fcuk& ¼d½ /kkjk 6 dh vis{kkuqlkj fpV&djkj ;k mlesa fdlh ifjorZu ;k ifjo)Zu dks ;k /kkjk 12] /kkjk 22 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½ /kkjk 23 dh mi/kkjk ¼2½] /kkjk 31 ;k /kkjk 34 ds v/khu fdlh nLrkost dh izfr dks mls nkf[ky djus ds fy;s fofufnZ’V vof/k ds Hkhrj ;k bl izdkj nkf[ky djus ds fy;s /kkjk 58 ds v/khu vuqKkr vfrfjDr le; ds Hkhrj nkf[ky djus esa vlQy jgsxk] ;k ¼[k½ /kkjk 8] /kkjk 14 dh mi/kkjk ¼1½ vkSj ¼6½] /kkjk 16] /kkjk 17] /kkjk 23] /kkjk 24] /kkjk 25] /kkjk 27 dh mi/kkjk ¼3½] /kkjk 31] /kkjk 37] /kkjk 38] /kkjk 39 vkSj /kkjk 53 dh mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds fdUgha micU/kksa dk vU;Fkk mYya?ku djsxk] ;k ¼x½ ml fnukad] le; vkSj LFkku ds lEcU/k esa ftl ij fpV fudkyh tkuh gks] fpV&djkj dh fdUgha vis{kkvksa dk vuqikyu djus esa vU;Fkk vlQy jgsxk] Rkks og dkjkokl ls] ftldh vof/k ,d o’kZ rd dh gks ldsxh ;k tqekZus ls tks ,d gtkj #Ik;s rd gks ldsxk ;k nksuksa ls n.Muh; gksxkA ¼3½ tks dksbZ ml vf/kfu;e ds fdUgha micU/kksa }kjk ;k muds fdUgha iz;kstuksa ds fy, visf{kr fdlh nLrkost esa tkucw> dj dksbZ feF;kk dFku djsxk] og dkjkokl] ftldh vof/k ,d o’kZ rd gks ldsxh ;k tqekZus ls tks ikap gtkj #Ik;k rd gks ldsxk ;k nksuksa ls n.Muh; gksxkA ¼4½ jftLVªkj] dk;Zokfg;ka lafLFkr fd;s tkus ds iwoZ ;k mlds iz”pkr~ fdlh vijk/k ds “keu dj ldrk gS rFkk ,slh “keu Qhl] tks og mfpr le>s] izfrx̀ghr dj ldrk gS vkSj rRi”pkr vijk/kh dks] ;fn og vfHkj{kk esa gks] mUeqDr dj fn;k tk;sxk vkSj mlds fo#n~/k dksbZ vxzsrj dk;Zokfg;ka ugha dh tk;saxh % 58 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 60&65À IkzfrcU/k ;g gS fd jftLVªkj mi/kkjk ¼1½ ;k mi/kkjk ¼3½ ds v/khu fdlh vijk/k dk “keu jkT; ljdkj ds vuqeksnu ds fcuk ugha djsxkA 60&& dksbZ U;k;ky; bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu n.Muh; vijk/k dk laKku jftLVªkj }kjk fyf[kr ifjokn ij gh djsxk] vU;Fkk ughaA vijk/k dk laKku 61&& bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu tqekZuk vf/kjksfir djus okyk U;k;ky; ;k /kkjk 59 dh mi/kkjk ¼4½ ds v/khu fdlh vijk/k dk “keu djus okyk jftLVªkj ;g funs”k ns ldrk gS fd olwy fd;k x;k lEiw.kZ tqekZuk ;k mldk dksbZ Hkkx dk;Zokfg;ksa ds [kpZ esa ;k mldk Hkqxrku djus ds izfr mi;ksx fd;k tk;A TkqekZus dk mi;ksx 62&& ¼1½ jftLVªkj] ,slh lgk;rk ls ftls og vko”;d le>s] fdlh ,sls LFkku esa ftlds ckjs esa mls ;g lUnsg gks fd ogka fdlh O;fDr }kjk bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa dk mYya?ku djds fpV dk lapkyu fd;k tk jgk gS ;k fd;k x;k gS] izos”k dj ldrk gS vkSj ,slh iqfLrdkvksa] jftLVjksa] ys[ks ;k vU; nLrkostksa dks tks ml LFkku ij feysa] fujh{k.k dj ldrk gS % fdlh LFkku esa izos”k djus vkSj ryk”kh ysus rFkk nLrkost vkfn vfHkxzghr vkfn vfHkxzghr djus dh “kfDr izfrcU/k ;g gS fd ;fn jftLVªkj ml LFkku ds dksbZ iqfLrdk] jftLVj ys[kk ;k nLrkost gVkrk gS rks og ml LFkku ds izHkkjh O;fDr dks jlhn nsxk] ftlesa bl izdkj gVkbZ xbZ iqfLrdk] jftLVj] ys[kk ;k nLrkost dk mYys{k gksxk % vxzsrj izfrcU/k ;g gS fd ml LFkku ls iqfLrdk,a] jftLVjksa ys[kksa rFkk nLrkostksa dks gVkus ds iUnzg fnu ds Hkhrj jftLVªkj ;k rks ,sls O;fDr ls iqfLrdkvksa] jftLVjksa] ys[kksa rFkk nLrkostksa dks tc mlds }kjk visf{kr gks] izLrqr djus ds fy;s ,slh izfrHkwfr] ftls og vko”;d le>s] ysus ds Ik”pkr~ mUgsa ml O;fDr dks ftldh vfHkj{kk ls mUgsa gVk;k x;k Fkk] ykSVk nsxk vFkok mudk fuLrkj.k djus ds fy;s ,slk vkns”k ns ldrk gS] tks mls U;k;laxr vkSj mi;qDr izrhr gksaA ¼2½ jftLVªkj dks] fdlh ,sls O;fDr dks ftlds ckjs esa mls ;g izrhr gks fd mlds ikl fdlh fpV ds lEcU/k esa dksbZ lwpuk gS] vius le{k mifLFkr gksus ;k dksbZ nLrkost izLrqr djus ;k izLrqr djkus dh vis{kk djus vkSj ,sls O;fDr dh “kiFk ij ijh{kk djus dk izkf/kdkj gksxkA ¼3½ jftLVªkj] fdlh Fkkus ds izHkkjh vf/kdkjh dh lgk;rk ds fy;s vkosnu dj ldrk gS vkj bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu vius drZO;ksa dk ikyu djus ds fy;s fdlh iqfyl izkf/kdkjh dks lkFk pyus vkSj lgk;rk nsus ds fy;s ys tk ldrk gSA 63&& fdlh fpV ds lEcU/k esa lHkh Hkqxrku] pkgs og QksjeSu }kjk fd;s tk, ;k vfHknkrk }kjk] fyf[kr :Ik esa nLrkostksa }kjk lkf{;r gksaxsA Hkqxrku nLrkost }kjk lkf{kIr gksxk 64&& dksbZ U;k;ky;] bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu mn~Hkwr gksus okys nkoksa ij ckjg izfr”kr izfro’kZ lk/kkj.k C;kt ls vf/kd C;kt vf/kfu.khZr ugha djsxkA Ckkjg izfr”kr ls vf/kd C;kt dh vuqKk ugha nh tk;sxhA 65&& bl vf/kfu;e ds iwoZorhZ micU/kksa esa fdlh ckr ls] fpV&djkj esa fn;s x;s fdUgha micU/kksa ds fo#) dksbZ vuqrks’k nsus ds fy;s] ;fn os v;qfDrlaxr ;k fdlh fof/k ds micU/kksa ds izfrdwy gksa] U;k;ky; esa fufgr “kfDr;ksa ij dksbZ izHkko ugha iM+sxkA dfri; ekeyksa esa vuqrks’k nsus dh U;k;ky; dh “kfDRk 59 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 66&69À 66&& bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu jftLVªkj ;k fdlh vU; vf/kdkjh dks QksjeSu }kjk fdlh Qhl ds :Ik esa ns; leLr /kujkf”k;ka Hkw&jktLo ds cdk;k ds :Ik esa olwyh gksxhA QksjEkSu }kjk ns; /kujkf”k;ksa dh olwyh 67&& ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/k] vf/kfu;e ds izkjEHk ds iwoZ “kq: dh xbZ fpVksa ij bl izfrcU/k ds lkFk ykxw gksaxs fd ,slh fpVksa dh n”kk esa fpV vkjEHk ;k lapkfyr djus ds fy;s mRrjnk;h O;fDr ,sls izkjEHk ls rhu ekl ds Hkhrj bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa dk vuqikyu djsaxsA vf/kfu;e dk ykxw gksuk ¼2½ bl vf/kfu;e dh dksbZ ckr fdlh ,slh fpV ij] ftldh fpV&/kujkf”k] ;k tgka ,d gh QksjeSu }kjk ,d lkFk nks ;k mlls vf/kd fpVsa vkjEHk ;k lapkfyr dh tk,] rks ftudh fpV /kujkf”k dk ;ksx] ,d lkS #Ik;s ls vf/kd u gks] ykxw u gksxkA 68&& jkT; ljdkj] ljdkjh xtV esa vf/klwpuk izdkf”kr djds ,sls fdlh O;fDr ;k fdlh oxZ ds O;fDr;ksa dks ;k ,slh fdlh fpV ;k fdlh oxZ dh fpVksa dks] ftu ij og vf/kfu;e ykxw gksrk gS] ,slh “krksZa ds v/khu] ftUgsa og mfpr le>s] blds lHkh ;k fdUgha micU/kksa ls NwV ns ldrh gS vkSj fdlh ,slh vf/klwpuk dk jn~n ;k ifj’dr̀ dj ldrh gSA NwV nsus dh “kfDr 69&& ¼1½ jkT; ljdkj] ljdkjh xtV esa vf/klwpuk }kjk] bl vf/kfu;e ds iz;kstuksa dks dk;kZfUor djus ds fy;s fu;e cuk ldrh gSA fu;e cukus dh “kfDr ¼2½ fof”k’Vr% vkSj iwoZorhZ O;fDr dh O;kidrk ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk ,sls fu;eksa }kjk fuEufyf[kr dh O;oLFkk ;k fofu;eu fd;k tk ldrk gS % ------ ¼d½ fofgr fd;s tkus ds fy;s bl vf/kfu;e }kjk vfHkO;Drr% visf{kr ;k vuqKkr lHkh fo’k;] ¼[k½ og jhfr] ftlds vuqlkj vfHknkrkvksa ds lkekU; fudk; dh lkekU; vkSj fo”ks’k cSBd cqyk;h tk;sxh vkSj gksxha] ¼x½ og jhfr] ftlds vuqlkj vfHknkrkvksa ds lkekU; fudk; dh lkekU; vkSj mi fof/k;ka cukus] mudh jftLVªh djkus] muesa ifjorZu djus vkSj mUgsa fujkdr̀ djus esa vuqlfjr dh tkus okyh izfdz;k vkSj bl izdkj cukus] jftLVªhdj.k djkus] ifjorZu ;k fujkdj.k djus ds iwoZ iwjh dh tkus okyh “krsaZ] ¼?k½ os fof”kf’V;ka] tks izR;sd fpV&djkj esa nh tk;saxh( ¼³½ /kkjk 14 ds v/khu izfrHkwfr dh iz;kstukFkZ vukt&fpV esa jftLVªkj }kjk vukt ds ewY;kadu dk <ax] ¼p½ os fucZU/ku rFkk “krZsa] ftuds v/khu jgrs gq, vkSj og jhfr] ftlds vuqlkj] /kkjk 14 ds v/khu QkSjeSu }kjk nh xbZ fdlh izfrHkwfr esa ifjorZu ;k mls izfrLFkkfir fd;k tk ldrk gS( ¼N½ /kkjk 14 ds v/khu QksjeSu }kjk nh x;h izfrHkwfr dks fu;qZDr djus ds fy;s jftLVªkj }kjk vuqlfjr dh tkus okyh izfd;k] ¼t½ QksjeSu }kjk jftLVjksa vkSj ys[kk&iqfLrdkvksa dk j[kk tkuk] jftLVªkj ds dk;kZy; esa iqfLrdkvksa] vfHkys[kksa vkSj nLrkostksa dh lqjf{kr vfHkj{kk vkSj ,slh iqfLrdkvksa] vfHkys[kksa vkSj nLrkostksa dks u’V djuk] ftudh vkxs vko”;drk u jg tk;] 60 ¿mRrj izns”k fpV Q.M vf/kfu;e] 1975À ¿/kkjk 69À ¼>½ v/;k; 9 ds v/khu fpV ds ifjlekiu ds fy;s vuqlkfjr dh tkus okyh izfzdz;k] vkSj ¼´½ fpVksa ds rqyu Ik=ksa vkSj ykHk&gkfu ds ys[kksa dh ys[kk&ijh{kk vkSj ys[kk ijh{kk ds izek.k&Ik=A ¼3½ bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu cuk;s x;s lHkh fu;e] cuk;s tkus ds Ik”pkr~] ;Fkk”kD; “kh?kz] jkT; fo/kku eaMy ds izR;sd lnu ds le{k] tc mldk l= gks jgk gks] dqy rhl fnu dh vof/k Ik;ZUr tks] ,d l= ;k ,d ls vf/kd vkuqdzfed l=ksa esa gks ldsxh] j[ks tk;asaxs vkSj tc rd fd dksbZ ckn dk fnukad fu;r u fd;k tk;] xtV esa izdkf”kr gksus ds fnukad ls ,sls ifj’dkjksa ;k vfHk”kwU;uksa ds v/khu gq, izHkkoh gksaxs] tks fo/kku e.My ds nksuksa lnu] mDr vof/k esa djus ds fy;s lger gksa] fdUrq bl izdkj dksbZ ifj’dkj ;k vfHk”kwU;u rn~/khu igys dh xbZ fdlh ckr dk oS/krk ij izfrdwy izHkko u MkysxkA 61 THE UTTAR PRADESH CHIT FUNDS ACT 1975 1 [U. P. Act No. 53 of 1975] [Passed by the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Council on August 7, 1975 and by the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly on August 5, 1975 Received the assent of the President on October 10, 1975 under article 201 of ‘the Constitution of India’, and was published in the Uttar Pradesh Gazette Extraordinary dated October 16, 1975] AN ACT to provide in, the interests of general public for the regulation of chit funds in the State and for matters connected therewith. It is hereby enacted in the Twenty-sixth Year of the Republic of India as follows : CHAPTER I Short title, extent and commencement 1. (1) This Act may be called the Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975. (2) It extends to the whole of Uttar Pradesh. (3) It shall come into force on such date as the State Government may, by notification in the Gazette, appoint in that behalf; and different dates may be appointed for different areas of the State and for different provisions of this Act. Definitions 2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires----- (1) "approved bank" means a bank approved by' the State Government for the purposes of' this Act ; (2) "chit" means a " transaction, whether called chit fund, chit, kuri, or by any other name, by which its foreman enters. Into an agreement with a number of subscribers that everyone of them shall subscribe a certain sum or a certain quantity of grain or of any other goods by periodical installments for a number of specified periods equal to the number of subscribers and that each subscriber at some of. them in his or their turn as determined by lot or by auction or by tender or in such other manner, as may be provided for in the agreement, shall be entitled to a prize amount ; Explanation- A transaction is not a chit within the meaning of this, clause if in such transaction--- (a) some alone, but not all, of the subscribers get the prize amount without any liability to pay future subscriptions , or (b) all the subscribers get the whole of the chit amount by turns with a liability to pay future subscriptions : 1. For Statement of Objects-and Reasons, please see. U.P. Gazette, (Extraordinary), dated August 7, 1975. 62 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 2] Illustration-- There are 100 subscribers to a chit and the subscription by each of them is Rs. 10. All the subscribers get by turns Rs. 1,000 being the whole of the chit amount and are liable to pay future subscriptions. The transaction falls within clause (b) at the above Explanation and is not a chit; (3) "chit agreement" means a document containing the articles of agreement between the foreman and the subscribers relating to the chit; (4) "chit amount" means the sum total of the subscriptions payable by all the suscribers for any installment of a chit without any deduction for discount or otherwise ; (5) "defaulting subscriber" means a subscriber who has defaulted in the payment of subscriptions due according to the terms of the chit agreement; (6) "discount" means the sum or the quantity of grain, or of other goods, as the case may be, which a prized subscriber is required under the terms of the chit agreement to forego and which set apart under the said agreement to meet the expenses of running the chit or for distribution among the subscribers or for both ; (7) "dividend" means the share of a subscriber in the discount available Under the chit agreement for rateable, distribution among the subscribers at any instalment of the chit; (8) "draw" with its grammatical variations, means ascertaining of the person or persons entitled to the prize amount at any instalment of a chit ; (9) "firm" means a firm' registered under the Indian Partnership Act, 1932; (10) "foreman" means the person (including a firm) who under the chit agreement is responsible for the conduct of the chit, and includes any other person discharging the functions of the foreman on continuation of the chit in, circumstances mentioned in section 32 ; (11) "non-prized subscriber" does not include a subscriber who has defaulted in the payment of subscriptions due according to the terms of the' chit agreement ; (12) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act ; (13) "prescribed authority" means the Sub-Divisional Magistrates (Executive) within their respective jurisdiction ; (14) "prize amount" means the difference between the chit amount and the discount, and, in the case of a fraction of a ticket, means the diqerence between the chit amount and the discount proportionate to the fraction of the ticket, and where the prize amount is payable otherwise than in cash. the value of the prize amount shall be the value at the time it becomes payable ; (15) "prized subscribers" means a subscriber who has either received or is entitled to the prize amount; 63 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 3] (16) "Registrar" means a Registrar appointed. under section 53, and includes any Additional, Joint, Deputy or Assistant Registrar appointed under that section and authorized by him to perform all or any of his functions under this Act ; (17) "subscriber" includes a person who holds a fraction of a ticket and also a transferee of a ticket or a fraction thereof by assignment in writing or by operation of law; (18) "ticket" means the share of a subscriber in a chit. CHAPTER II CONSTITUTION AND REGISTRATION Registration of by-laws 3. (1) Save as otherwise provided by or under this Act, no person shall start or conduct any chit unless he has registered with the Register the general bye- laws under which different chit series are to be operated. (2) For the purpose of registration, the general bye-laws of the chit series signed by the foreman and attested by not less than two witnesses shall be filed With the Registrar. (3) The Registrar may- (a) on being satisfied that the general bye-laws filed with him under sub- section (2) are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act or of the rules made thereunder and that the foreman is a proper person to conduct the chit, register the bye-laws and' issue to the foreman a certificate of registration: or (b) for reasons to be recorded, refuse the registration. (4) Without prejudice to the generality of his power under clause (ii) of sub- section (3) the Registrar shall refuse registration of any general bye-laws which do no provide for entering into an agreement in writing with the subscriber providing that the instalments of subscription to the chit fund shall be monthly and the chit amount received every month from the subscribers shall be paid to the prized subscriber after deducting the discount which shall not exceed thirty per cent of the chit amount and that the discount shall be available for rateable distribution among the subscribers of the chit after payment of the commission to the foreman which shall not exceed five per cent of the chit amount. (5) The Registrar shall retain a copy of the bye-laws and return the other copy to the foreman with an endorsement that the bye-laws have been registered. (6) Notwithstanding anything contained in any contract, document or in any other law for the time being in force, any agreement contained in the articles of agreement between the foreman and subscriber which does not provide for payment of the entire chit amount after deducting the discount to the prized subscriber shall be void . 64 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 4-7] Prohibition of invitation for subscription to chit of which by-laws have not been registered 4. No person shall issue or publish any notice, circular, prospectus or other document containing the terms and conditions of any chit or inviting the public to subscribe for tickets in any chit unless the same relates to a chit covered by the general bye-laws which have been registered under section 3. Form of chit agreement 5. Every chit agreement shall be in duplicate duly signed the foreman and by the subscribers or a person duly authorized that behalf in writing by the subscribers, and attested by two nesses, and it shall contain the following particulars, namely- (1) full name and permanent residential address of each subscriber, and attested by two witnesses and it shall contain the following particulars, namely--- (2) the number of tickets held by each subscriber; (3) the number of installments and the amount, payable in respect of each ticket for each installment; (4) the dates of commencement and termination of the chit; (5) the mode of ascertaining the prized-subscriber ; (6) the amount of discount which the prized subscriber, at any installment, has to forego; (7) the mode and proportion' in which the discount is distributable by way of dividend, foreman's commission and other expenses, if any; (8) the date, time and place at which the chit is to be drawn; (9) if under the chit agreement the foreman is entitled to the chit amount, the installment at which the foreman is to get the chit amount; (10) the approved bank or banks with which chit moneys shall be deposited by the foreman under the provisions of this Act; (11) the manner in which a chit shall be continued, where a foreman who is an individual dies or becomes of unsound mind; or is otherwise incapacitated; and, (12) such other particulars as may be prescribed. Filling of chit agreement 6. (1) Every chit agreement, and every alteration in or addition to it made under section 9, with its duplicate, shall be filed with the Registrar who shall also be informed about its cancellation, if any, made under section 9. (2) The Registrar shall retain the chit agreement and return the duplicate chit agreement, alteration or addition to the foreman with an endorsement that the chit agreement, alteration or addition, is filed. Commencement of chit business 7. (1) No person shall commence any auction or drawing of any chit unless he has obtained a certificate of commencement from the Registrar. 65 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 8-11] (2) The Registrar shall, on being satisfied that the bye-laws of the chit have been duly registered and that the chit agreement including alteration in or addition to it, if any, has been filed and the security required under section 14 has been, furnished by the foreman grant a certificate of commencement. Copies of bye- laws and chit agreement to be given to subscribers 8. (1) The foreman shall, as soon as may be, after he has obtained the certificate of commencement referred to in section 7, but not later than the date of first drawing of the chit, furnish to every subscriber a copy of the bye-laws of the chit and of the chit agreement certified by him to be a true copy. (2) The foreman shall, within fifteen days of the month succeeding the month in which the first installment of the chit is drawn, file with the Registrar a certificate to the effect that he has complied with the provisions of sub- section (1). Alteration of chit agreement 9. The chit agreement shall not be altered, added or canceled except with the consent in writing of the foreman and all the subscribers to the chit. Meeting 10. (1) A general meeting of the general body of subscribers shall be held each month in the prescribed manner. (2) A special meeting of the general body of the subscribers shall be convened by the foreman in the 'prescribed manner on the requisition of twenty-five per cent of the aggregate, of the number of the non-prized and unpaid prized subscribers. Minutes of proceedings 11. (1) The proceedings of every draw shall be recorded in a book to be kept for that purpose and shall be signed by the foreman and all the subscribers present. It shall also be signed by the prized subscriber or his authorised agent. (2) Such record of the proceedings shall state clearly- (a) the date and hour when the proceedings began and' ended' and the place where the drawing was held; (b) the number of the particular instalment of the chit of which proceedings are recorded; (c) the names of the subscribers present; (d) the person or persons who become entitled to the prize amount in the particular instalment; (e) the amount of discount; (f) full particulars regarding the disposal of the prize amount in respect of the preceding instalment and disposal of unpaid prize amount, if any, in respect of any previous instalment; and (g) such other particulars as may be prescribed. 66 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 12-14] Copy of minutes to be filed with the Registrar 12 . Every foreman shall, within fifteen days of the month succeeding the month in which one or more instalments of the same chit or one or more instalments of any other chit are drawn, file with the Registrar a copy of the record referred to in section 11 in respect of the draws at all such instalments and certified by the foreman to be true copy. Chapter III FOREMAN Value of chits 13 . No foreman shall conduct at a time any chits the aggregate amount of which exceeds fifty per cent of the net assets of the foreman. Explanation- In determining the net assets of a foreman for the purpose of this section the amount of security furnished by him shall be excluded if such amount is the amount of subscription received in advance from the subscribers. Security to be given by foreman 14 . (1) Every foreman shall, before applying for the certificate of commencement referred to in section 7 in respect of any chit series------- (a) execute a bond in favour of or in trust for the other subscribers for the proper conduct of the chit, charging property sufficient to the satisfaction of the Registrar for the realisation of twice the chit amount; or (b) deposit in an approved bank an amount equal to the chit amount or invest in Government securities of the face value of not less than one and half time the chit, amount and transfer the amount so deposited or the Government securities in favour of the Registrar to be held. in trust by him as security for the due conduct of the chit: Provided that, where moveable property is charged by way of security, only such kind of moveable property as may be prescribed shall be so charged and such moveable property shall be deposited in such manner and with such person or officer as may be prescribed. (2) Where a foreman conducts more than one chit, he shall furnish security in accordance with the provisions of sub-section (1) in respect of each chit. (3) Subject to the provisions of section 520 of the Companies Act, 1956, the security given by the foreman under sub-section (1) shall not be liable to be attached in execution of a decree or otherwise--- (a) until the chit is terminated and the claims of all the subscribers are fully satisfied; (b) until all dues payable by the foreman under this Act to the, Registrar or any other officer have been paid; (c) where owing to the default of the prized subscriber the prize amount due remains unpaid even after the termination of a chit until the foreman deposits such amount in an approved bank mentioned in the chit agreement and intimates in writing the fact of such deposit to the prized subscriber. 67 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 15-16] (4) The Registrar shall, after the termination of a chit and after satisfying himself that the requirement mentioned in clauses (i) to (iii) of sub-section (3) have been complied with, release the property charged by way of security or order the release of the cash security or the Government security referred to in sub- section (1), and in doing so, he shall follow such procedure as may be prescribed. (5) The Registrar may on the application of any foreman, instead of releasing the security under sub-section (4), accept the same as security in respect of any other chit conducted by the same foreman. If the value or amount of the security so accepted is less than the value or amount specified in sub-section (1), the Registrar shall require the foreman to furnish additional security to make up the deficiency, If the value or amount of such security is in excess of the value or amount required, the Registrar shall release such excess. (6) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any other law for the time being in force, the security furnished under this section shall not be dealt with by the foreman during the currency of the chit, and any dealing by the foreman with respect thereto, by way of transfer, charge, mortgage or other encumbrance, shall be void. Rights of foreman 15. Subject to the provisions of this Act or the rules made thereunder, the foreman shall be entitled- (a) in the absence of any provision in the chit agreement to the contrary, to obtain 'the chit amount at the installment specified in this behalf in the chit agreement ; (b) to such commission or remuneration not exceeding five percent of the chit amount as may be fixed in the chit agreement; (c) to receive and realize all contributions from the subscribers ; (d) to demand sufficient security 'from any prized subscriber for the due payment of future subscriptions : Explanation-- A security is said to be sufficient for the purposes of this clause if its value exceeds by one-third or if it consists of immoveable property, the value exceeds by one-half, the amount due from the prized subscriber ; (e) to substitute subscribers in the place of defaulters; and (f) to do all other acts that may be necessary for the due and proper conduct of the chit. Duties of a foreman 16. (1) A foreman shall, on the prized subscriber furnishing sufficient security for the due payment of future subscriptions, be bound to pay him the prize amount : Provided that the prized subscriber shall be entitled Ito demand immediate payment of the prize amount after deducting all future subscriptions without any security whatsoever, and in such case the foreman shall, before the date of the next succeeding installment, deposit in an approved bank mentioned in the chit agreement the amount of future subscriptions deducted as aforesaid, and he shall not withdraw the amount so deposited except for payment of future subscriptions. 68 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 17-20] (2) If owing to default of the prized subscriber the prize amount due in respect of any dues remains unpaid before the date of the next succeeding draw, the foreman shall deposit the same forth with in an approved bank mentioned in the Chit Fund Agreement and intimate, in writing, the fact of such deposit to the prized subscriber and the Registrar. (3) Every payment of the prize amount, the deposit of the amount of future subscriptions under sub-section (1) and the deposit of the prize amount under sub-section (2) shall be intimated to the subscribers at the next succeeding draw, and particulars of such payment or deposit entered in the record of the proceedings of that draw. (4) The foreman shall not appropriate for himself any amount in excess of what he is entitled to under Clause (a) and (b) of section 15 : Provided that the foreman may appropriate for himself the interest accruing on any amount deposited in banks except interest on deposits made under sub-section (2) or under section 24. Registers and books of account 17. Every foreman shall keep such registers and books of account, and in such form, as may be prescribed. Balance sheet Act I of 1956 18. (1) Every foreman shall prepare and file with the Registrar in such manner and within such time as may be prescribed, a balance­sheet relating to the period of account duly audited either by auditors duly qualified to act as auditors of companies under the Companies Act, 1956 or by a Chit Auditor appointed under sub-section (3) of section 53· (2) The balance sheet referred to in sub-section (1) shall:­ (a) contain a summary of the assets and liabilities of all chits conducted by him; (b) give such particulars as will disclose the nature of the said assets and liabilities and how the value of those assets has been arrived at; and (c) such other particulars as may be prescribed . Liability of a foreman to the subscribes 19. (1) Every foreman shall be liable to account to the subscribers for the amounts due to them. (2) Where there are more than one foreman, each one of them jointly and severally, or if the foreman is a firm, each one of the partners thereof jointly and severally and if the foreman is a Corporation, that Corporation shall be liable to the subscribers in respect of the obligations arising out of the chit. withdrawal of a foreman 20. (1) Where there are more than one person as foreman in a chit, none of them shall withdraw from it until the termination of the chit unless such withdrawal is consented to by all the non-prized subscribers and unpaid prized subscribers and a true copy of such consent has been filed by the remaining foreman within fourteen days of the date of such consent. (2) Such withdrawal shall not, however, affect the security given under section 14. 69 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 21-23] CHAPTER IV NON-PRIZED SUBSCRIBERS Non-prized subscribers to pay subs- cription and obtain receipt 21. Every non-prized subscriber shall pay his subscription at the time and place mentioned in the chit agreement and shall on such payment be entitled to a receipt from the foreman. Removal of defaulting subscribers 22. (1) (a) A non-prized subscriber who defaults in paying His subscription in accordance with the terms of the chit agreement shall be liable to have his name removed from the list of subscribers . (b) Every such removal shall, with the date. thereof, be entered in a book of defaulting subscribers to be maintained by the foreman: (2) The foreman shall within fourteen days from the removal of the name of a defaulting subscriber under sub-section (1)- (a) give a notice of this fact to such defaulting subscriber; and (b) file with Registrar a true copy of the en try in the register referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (1). (3) Any defaulting subscriber aggrieved by the removal of his name from the list of subscribers may, within seven days of the communication to him of the notice of removal appeal to the Registrar. (4) The Registrar may after giving the parties an opportunity of being heard, pass such orders on the appeal as he thinks fit and the decision of the Registrar shall be final. Substitution of subscribers. 23. (1) A foreman may substitute in the list of subscribers any person in the place of a defaulting subscriber whose name has been removed from such list under sub- section (1) of section 22 : Provided that no such substitution shall be made until the expiry of fifteen days from the date of the service of the notice given to the defaulting subscriber under clause (a) of sub-section (2) of section 22, (2) Every substitution referred to in sub-section (1) shall, with the date thereof, be entered in the book referred to in clause (b) of sub-section (1), of section 22, and a true copy of every such entry shall be filed by the foreman with the Registrar within fourteen days from the date of such substitution along with a certificate that a copy of the bye-laws of the chit and of the chit agreement certified as true copy has also been furnished to the substituted subscriber, (3) All arrears of subscriptions realized from the substituted subscriber, less any amount advanced by the foreman, shall, before the date of the next succeeding installment, be deposited by the foreman in an approved bank mentioned in the chit agreement, in the name of the Registrar. Explanation-- For the purposes of this sub-section, arrears of subscription's shall mean all the previous installments realized, from the substituted subscriber. 70 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 24-26] Amount due to defaulting subscriber how dealt with 24. (1) Where a substituted subscriber draws the prize amount; the defaulting subscriber shall be entitled to recover his contributions subject to such deductions as may be provided for in the chit agreement, which in no case shall exceed the dividend already received by such defaulting subscriber. (2) The foreman shall on demand made by the defaulting subscriber and on his executing an acknowledgement duly signed, inform the Registrar of the amount due after making all deductions and the Registrar shall issue a cheque or draft in favour of such defaulting subscriber. (3) If the defaulting subscriber fails to furnish the acknowledgement as aforesaid, the foreman shall, before the date of next succeeding instalment deposit in as approved bank the amount due to the defaulting subscriber, and intimate in writing the fact of such deposit to the defaulting subscriber and the Registrar, The amount so deposited shall not be withdrawn by the foreman for any purpose other than for payment to the defaulting subscriber. CHAPTER V PRIZED SUBSCRIBERS Prized subscriber to give security 25. Every prized subscriber shall receiving before the prize amount without deductions of all future subscriptions, furnish to the foreman sufficient security and the foreman shall take such security for the due payment of future subscriptions, and if the foreman is the prized subscriber or draws the chit amount under clause (a) of section 15, he shall furnish security for the due payment of future subscriptions to the satisfaction of the Registrar : Provided that a prized subscriber, other than the foreman, whose security is not being accepted as sufficient by the foreman, may within three months of the date on which he becomes the prized subscriber, appeal to the Registrar, who may, after giving the parties an opportunity of being heard, pass such orders on the appeal as he thinks fit, and his decision in the matter shall be final. Prized subscriber to pay subscriptions regularly 26. Every prized subscriber shall pay his subscriptions regularly at the time and the place and on the dates mentioned in the chit agreement, failing which, he shall be liable to make a consolidated payment of all the future subscriptions at once : Provided that the foreman shall pay the amount of subscription every month on behalf of any defaulting prized subscriber till the consolidated payment for arrears and all future interments are realized from such defaulting prized subscriber, which amount shall be deposited by the foreman in the account of the Registrar after deducting the subscription paid by him on behalf of such prized subscriber. 71 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 27-30] Recovery of consolidated payment and its disposal 27. (1) If in a suit by a foreman for consolidated payment of future subscriptions, the defaulting prized subscriber, agrees to pay or pays into the court on or before the date to which the suit is fixed for hearing the arrears of subscriptions till that date together with interest thereon at the rate provided for in the chit agreement or at twelve per cent per annum simple interest, whichever is lower, and the costs of the suit for payment to the foreman, then, notwithstanding any contract to the contrary, the court shall pass a decree accordingly: Provided that if any such suit is upon a promissory note, no decree shall be passed under this sub-section unless such promissory note expressly states that the amount due thereunder is towards payment of subscriptions to the chit. (2) Any person who holds an interest in the property furnished as security or any part thereof shall be entitled to make payment under sub-section (1). (3) (a) all consolidated payments of .future subscriptions realized by a foreman shall be deposited in an approved bank before the date of the next succeeding installment and may be withdrawn only for payment of future subscriptions. (b) where any property is accepted in lieu of the consolidated payment, it shall continue to remain as security for the due payment of future subscriptions. CHAPTER VI TRANSFER Restrictions on transfer of rights of a foreman 28. (1) No transfer of the rights of a foreman to receive subscriptions from prized- subscribers shall be made without the previous sanction in writing of the Registrar. (2) Any non-prized subscriber or unpaid prized subscriber claiming that his interest would be prejudicially affected by any such transfer, may apply to the Registrar for setting aside the transfer and the Registrar on being satisfied in that behalf may, for reasons to be recorded, set it, aside. (3) In any proceedings under sub-section (2) the burden of proving that the transfer is not likely to effect prejudicially the interest of any subscriber challenging it shall bean the transferee. Transfer of nonprized subscribers right to be in writing 29. Every transfer by a non-prized subscriber of his rights in the chit shall be in writing duly attested by at least two witnesses and shall be filed with the foreman. Recognition of transfer by the foreman 30. Every transfer under section 29 shall be recognized by the foreman, unless he considers that the transferee is not solvent or the transfer is likely to defeat the provisions of any law for the time being in force. 72 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 31-35] Entry of transferee’s name in the book 31. Every transfer referred to in section 28 or section 29 shall be entered by the foreman in the books of the chit forthwith, and a true copy of such entry shall be filed by the foreman with the Registrar within fourteen days from the date of making such entry along with a certificate that a copy of the bye- law's of the chit and the chit agreement certified as true copy have been furnished to the transferee concerned. CHAPTER VII TERMINATION OF CHITS Provisions for continuation of chits in certain cases 32. (1) Where the foreman who is an individual dies or becomes of unsound mind or is otherwise incapacitated. the chit may be continued in accordance with the provisions of the chit agreement where the agreement so provides. (2) In the case of a foreman which is a firm if a partner dies, becomes of unsound mind or is otherwise incapacitated the chit shall not be deemed to have terminated and the surviving partner or partners shall conduct the chitin the absence of any provisions to the contrary in the chit agreement. Termination of chit 33. A chit shall be deemed to have terminated- (a) when the period fixed in the chit agreement has expired, provided payment of dues to all the subscribers has been completed ; or (b) when all the non-prized and unpaid prized subscribers consent in writing to the termination of the chit and a copy of such consent is filed as required by section 34; or (c) when a foreman, who is an individual, dies, becomes of unsound mind or is otherwise ,incapacitated, and the chit agreement does not provide for the continuation of the chit or when the partner of a foreman which is firm dies or becomes of unsound mind or is otherwise incapacitated and the chit agreement provides for the discontinuation. of the chit in such an event. Filling of consent with Registrar 34. A true copy of every consent mentioned in sub-section (1) of section 20 or in clause (b) of section 33 with the date of such consent, shall be filed by the foreman or by the remaining foreman or foremen with the Registrar within fourteen days from the date of such consent. Refund of non- prized subscribers contributions 35. Except in the cases referred to in clauses, (a) and (b) of section 33 -- (1) every non-prized subscriber shall, unless otherwise provided for in the chit agreement, be entitled to get back his contribution at the termination of the chit without deduction for dividend, if any, received by him : 73 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 36-39] Provided that any persons to whom the rights of a non-prized subscriber are transferred under section 29, shall in addition to his own contributions, be entitled, unless otherwise provided for in the chit agreement, to get back the contributions made by such non­ prized subscriber ; (2) if the chit terminates on a date earlier than the date originally fixed in the chit agreement, the non-prized subscriber's, claim shall be deemed to have arisen on the date on which he has received a notice of such termination. Subscribers dues to be first charge on chit assets 36. Where there are debts due from the foreman of a chit in relation thereto and also other debts due from him, the chit debts due to, the subscribers shall be first charge on the chit assets. Chapter VIII INSPECTION OF DOCUMENTS Foreman to allow subscribers to examine chit records 37. Every foreman shall, on payment of such fee not exceeding five rupees as may be specified in the chit agreement, allow non­ prized and unpaid prized subscribers all reasonable facilities on all days of drawing of chits or, on such days and within such hours as may be provided for in the chit agreement for the inspection of security bonds and documents, receipts and other records taken from the prized subscribers or furnished by the foreman himself in his capacity as a subscriber and all chit records including books of account and pass books, the balance-sheets and profit and loss accounts and such other records as may show the actual financial position of the chit scheme. Preservation of chit records by foreman 38. All records pertaining to a chit shall be preserved in tact by the foreman and, kept for a period of six years from the date of the termination of the chit. Inspection of chit books and records 39. (1) The Registrar or any other officer authorized by him in this behalf may inspect the chit books and all records relating to the chit. (2) Every foreman shall be bound to produce the chit books and records before the Registrar or the officer authorised under sub­section (1) at such time and place as he may require and shall furnish to him any other information as he may require : Provided that such inspection may be made at the premises of the foreman if he pays in advance such fees as may be prescribed for the inspection : Provided further that if the foreman is a banking company as defined in the Banking Companies Act, 1949, such inspection shall be made only at the premises of the Company and only on a working day and such foreman shall pay such fees as may be prescribed for the inspection. 74 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 40] (3) Any officer mentioned in sub-section (1) may impound and retain in his custody for such period as he thinks fit any books of account or other documents produced before him : Provided that such officer shall not -- (a) impound any books of account or other documents with­out recording his reasons for so doing; or (b) retain in his custody any such books or documents for a period exceeding fifteen days excluding days falling on holidays save for adequate and exceptional reasons to be recorded and in the case of an officer other than the Registrar, without obtaining the written approval of Registrar in that behalf. CHAPTER IX WINDING UP OF CHITS When chit may be wound up 40. A chit may be wound up by the prescribed authority having jurisdiction over the place where the chit has been registered- (a) if the chit has terminated under clause (c) of section 33; or (b) if the foreman fails to give the security specified, in section 14 or it he commits any such act in respect thereto as is calculated to impair materially the nature of the security or the value thereof; or (c) if he fails to deposit the chit money in accordance with the provisions of this Act; or (d) if it ispr6vedto the satisfaction of the prescribed authority that the foreman is unable to pay the amounts due to the subscribers ; or (e) if execution or other process issued on a decree or order of any court in favour of any subscriber in respect of amounts due to him from the chit is returned unsatisfied in whole or in part ; or (f) if it is proved that there has been fraud or collusion on the part of the foreman in the matter of taking securities from prized subscriber; or (g) if the foreman has appropriated the prize amount in his capacity as a subscriber without furnishing sufficient security for future subscriptions; or (h) if it Is otherwise just and equitable that the chit should be wound up. Explanation-- For the purposes of clause (d), in determining whether the foreman is unable to pay the amounts due to the subscribers, the prescribed authority, shall take into account his contingent and prospective liabilities in respect of the chit : Provided that a chit conducted by a company within, the meaning of the Companies Act, 1956, may be wound up only by the Court having jurisdiction under that Act. 75 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 41-46] Windings up application Act v of 1908 41. The application to the prescribed authority or court, as the case may be, for the winding up of a chit shall be by a petition presented by any non-prized subscriber or unpaid prized subscriber or by the Registrar, signed and verified in the manner prescribed by the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, and shall contain such particulars as may be prescribed : Provided that no application for the winding up of a chit under clause (d) or clause (h) of section 40 shall the unless such petition is presented---- (a) by such non-prized subscriber and unpaid prized subscribers whose subscriptions to the chit amount in the aggregate to not less than twenty-five per cent of the amounts contributed by all the non-prized subscriber and unpaid prized subscriber; or (b) by or with the previous sanction of the Registrar. Explanation-- For the purposes of the proviso, a subscriber of a fraction of a ticket shall be deemed to by a subscriber only to the extent of such fraction. Insolvency or liquidation a bar to winding up proceedings 42. Notwithstanding anything contained in sections 40 and 41, no petition for the winding up of a chit shall be entertained by the prescribed authority or a court under section 40 if proceedings under the Provincial Insolvency Act, 1920, are pending against the foreman for adjudicating him an insolvent or where the foreman is a company, if proceedings for winding up the company are pending against such company under the Companies Act, 1956. Commencem ent and effect to winding up order 43. An order for the winding up of a chit shall operate in favour of all the subscribers to whom amounts are due from the chit and it shall be deemed to have effect from the time of the presentation of the application for the winding up. Interim Receiver and stay of other proceedings 44. The prescribed authority or court may, upon the application of the foreman or of any subscribers to whom amounts are due in respect of the chit at any time after the presentation of the application for the winding up of a chit under this Act, make an order for the appointment of an Interim Receiver or an order staying further proceedings in any suit or proceeding instituted against the foreman for the realisation of amounts due in respect of the chit upon such terms as the prescribed authority or court thinks fit. Power of court on hearing the application 45. On hearing the application, the prescribed authority or court may dismiss it with or without costs or adjourn the hearing conditionally or unconditionally or make an interim order or any other order as it may deem fit. Chit assets to vest in prescri-bed authority or court for distribution 46. On the making of an order for the winding up of a chit, the entire chit assets shall vest in the prescribed authority or court, as the case may be, for distribution amongst the subscribers to whom amounts are due in respect of the chit and such prescribed authority or court shall appoint a Receiver and pass such other orders in the matter as it deems fit. 76 [The Uttar Pradesh Chit Funds Act, 1975] [Section 47-51] Suits, etc. stayed on winding up orders 47. Where a winding up order has been made by the prescribed authority or a court, no suit or other legal proceedings shall be continued or commenced against the foreman by a subscriber for the realization of amounts due to him in respect of the chit except with the leave of the prescribed authority or court and on such terms as the prescribed authority or court may impose.