QUANTUM UNIVERSITY ACT, 2016

dze la[;k& 26¼x½ iathdr̀ la[;k&;w0,0@Mh0vks0@Mh0Mh0,u@30@2015&17 ljdkjh xtV] mRrjk[k.M mRrjk[k.M ljdkj }kjk izdkf”kr vlk/kkj.k fo/kk;h ifjf”k’V Hkkx&1] [k.M ¼d½ ¼mÙkjk[k.M vf/kfu;e½ nsgjknwu] “kqdzokj] 07 viSzy 2017 bZ0 pS=] 17] 1939 “kd lEor~ mRrjk[k.M “kklu fo/kk;h ,oa lalnh; dk;Z foHkkx la[;k 108@fo/kk;h ,oa lalnh; dk;Z@2016 nsgjknwu] 07 viSzy] 2017 vf/klwpuk fofo/k **Hkkjr dk lafo/kku** ds vuqPNsn 200 ds v/khu jkT;iky egksn; us mRrjk[k.M fo/kku lHkk }kjk ikfjr DokaVe fo”ofo|ky; fo/ks;d] 2016 dks fnukad 05 viSzy] 2017 2017 dks vuqefr iznku dh vkSj og mRrjk[k.M vf/kfu;e la[;k 04 o’kZ 2017 ds :i esa loZ&lk/kkj.k dh lwpukFkZ bl vf/klwpuk }kjk izdkf”kr fd;k tkrk gSA DokWUVe fo’ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 2016 ¿mRRkjk[k.M vf/kfu;e la0 04 o”kZ 2017À vuqdzef.kdk /kkjk,a fooj.k v/;k; &,d izkjfEHkdh 1 laf{kIr ‘kh”kZd ,oa izkjEHk 2 ifjHkk”kk,a v/;k;&nks fo’ofo|ky; vkSj mlds mn~ns’; 3 fo'ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk ds fy, izLrko 4 fo'ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk 5 jkT; fdlh Hkh lkafof/kd nkf;ROk ds v/khu fo’ofo|ky; dks foRRkh; lgk;rk iznku djus ds fy;s ck/; ugha 6 fdlh laLFkk dks lEc) djus dh ‘kfDr u gksuk 7 fo'ofo|ky; ds mn~ns’; 8 fo'ofo|ky; dh ‘kfDr;k¡ 9 fo'ofo|ky; es alHkh oxZ] tkfr ,oa fyax dh igq¡p gksxh 10 jk"Vªh; izR;k;u v/;k;&rhu fo’ofo|ky; ds vf/kdkjh 11 fo'ofo|ky; ds vf/kdkjh 12 dqyk/;{k 13 dqykf/kifr 14 dqyifr 15 izfr&dqyifr 16 dqylfpo 17 ladk; v/;{k 18 foRRk vf/kdkjh 19 vU; vf/kdkjhx.k v/;k; pkj fo’ofo|ky; ds izkf/kdkjh 20 fo'ofo|ky; ds izkf/kdkjh 21 O;oLFkkid e.My vkSj mldh ‘kfDr;k¡ 22 izcU/k e.My 23 fo|k ifj”kn 24 foRRk lfefr 25 vU; izkf/kdj.k 26 fjfDr ds dkj.k dk;Zokgh dk vfof/kekU; u gksxk v/;k;&ik¡p ifjfu;e vkSj fu;e 27 ifjfu;e 28 ifjfu;e dSls cuk;sa tk,axsa 29 ifjfu;e esa la’kks/ku djus dh ‘kfDRk 30 fu;e 31 fu;e dSls cuk;s tk;saxs 32 fu;eksa dks la'kksf/kr djus dh ‘kfDr v/;k;&N% izdh.kZ 33 mRRkjk[k.M ds LFkk;h fuokfl;ksa ds fy, micU/k 34 deZpkfj;ksa dh lsok ‘krZsa 35 vihy dk vf/kdkj 36 Hkfo”; fuf/k ,oa isa’ku 37 fo’ofo|ky; izkf/kdj.k vkSj fudk;ksa ds xBu lEcU/kh fookn 38 lfefr;ksa dk xBu 39 vkdfLed fjfDr;ksa dh iwfrZ 40 Lkn~Hkkoukiw.kZ dh xbZ dk;Zokgh ds izfr laj{k.k 41 LakØe.kdkyhu izko/kku 42 LFkk;h foU;kl fuf/k 43 lkekU; fuf/k 44 fodkl fuf/k 45 fuf/k dk vuqj{k.k 46 Okkf”kZd izfrosnu 47 [kkrs rFkk ys[kk&ijh{kk 48 fo'ofo|ky; ds vfHkys[k dks izekf.kr djus dh fof/k 49 fo'ofo|ky; dk fo?kVu 50 fo'ofo|ky; ds fo?kVUk ds le; fo’ofo|ky; ds O;; 51 dfBukbZ;ksa dk fujkdj.k DokWUVe fo'ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 2016 [mRrjk[k.M vf/kfu;e la0 04 o"kZ 2017 ] rduhdh f'k{kk] fpfdRlk] ijk fpfdRlk ,oa nUr fpfdRlk f'k{kk] fof/k f'k{kk] mM~M;u f'k{kk] lkekftd foKku] lkekU; foKku ,oa vU; {ks=ks dh f'k{k.k] izf'k{k.k ,oa 'kks/k dk;Z ls lEcfU/kr f'k{kk iznku djus ds mn~ns'; ls VªLV ,DV ds vk/khu iathdr̀ ^^,y ,e Mh ,tqds'kuy ,UM fjlpZ QkmUMs'ku^^¼VªLV½ nsgjknwu }kjk izk;ksftr DokWUVe fo'ofo|ky;] mÙkjk[k.M uked futh fo'ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk ,oa mlds fuxeZu ds fy, vf/kfu;e Hkkjr x.kjkT; ds lMlBosas o’kZ esa mRrjk[k.M fo/kku lHkk }kjk fuEufyf[kr vf/kfu;e cuk;k tkrk gS%& v/;k; & ,d izkjfEHkd laf{kIr uke ,oa izkjEHk 1- ¼1½ bl vf/kfu;e dk laf{kIr uke DokWUVe fo'ofo|ky; vf/kfu;e] 2016 gSA ¼2½ ;g jkT; lajdkj }kjk] vf/klwpuk tkjh fd;s tkus dh rkjh[k ls izoR̀r gqvk le>k tk;sxkA ifjHkk"kk,a 2- tc rd fd lUnHkZ esa vU;Fkk dksbZ visf{kr u gks] bl vf/kfu;e esa %& ¼d½ ^fo|k ifj"kn~̂ ls fo'ofo|ky; dk fo|k ifj’kn~ vfHkizsr gS( ¼[k½ ^izkf/kdkjh^ ls fo”ofo|ky; dk izkf/kdkjh vfHkizsRk gS( ¼x½ ^O;oLFkkid e.My^ ls fo”ofo|ky; dk O;oLFkkid e.My vfHkizsr gS( ¼?k½ ^izcU/k e.My^ ls fo”ofo|ky; dk izca/k e.My vfHkizsr gS( ¼M½ ^ikB~;Øe e.My^ ls fo”ofo|ky; dk ikB~;Øe e.My vfHkizsr gS( ¼p½ ^ijh{kk e.My^ ls fo”ofo|ky; dk ijh{kk e.My vfHkizsr gS( ¼N½ ^dqykf/kifr] ^dqyifr^] ^izfrdqyifr^] ^dqy lfpo^] ^ijh{kk fu;a=d^ ,oa for vf/kdjh ls Øekuqlkj fo'ofo|ky; ds ^dqykf/kifr] ^dqyifr^] ^izfrdqyifr^] ^dqy lfpo^] ^ijh{kk fu;a=d^ ,oa for vf/kdjh vfHkizsr gS( ¼t½ ^ifjlj^ ls fo”ofo|ky; dk ifjlj vfHkizsr gS( ¼>½ ^la?kVd egkfo|ky;^ lsfo”ofo|ky; }kjk vuqjf{kr rFkk çcfU/kr fdlh egkfo|ky; ;k laLFkk vfHkizsr gS( ¼´½ ^dSfj;j ,dsMeh ls.Vj^ ls ,sls dsUnz vfHkizsr gS] tks fo”ofo|ky; }kjk jkT; lhekUrxZr LFkkfir] ekU; ,oa vuqjf{kr gks] ftldk mi;ksx nj̀n”̀; izlkj.k izkIr djus] bZ&esy] bUVjusV ikjLifjd laokn izf'k{k.k] O;k[;ku] xks’Bh ,oa dk;Z'kkyk vk;ksftr djus] fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds fy, lykg] ijke'kZ ,oa vU; lgk;rk ds mn~ns'; ls fd;k x;k gks( ¼V½ ^ifjlj ds ^funs'kd^ ;k la?kVd egkfo|ky; ds lEcU/k esa izkpk;Z@Mhu ugha gS] ml ifjlj ;k la?kVu egkfo|ky; dk iz/kku vfHkizsr gS vkSj tgka izkpk;Z@Mhu ugh gS] mi izkpk;Z ;k RkRle; izkpk;Z@Mhu ds :i esa dk;Z djus ds fy, fu;qDr dksbZ vU; O;fDr Hkh lfEefyr gS( ¼B½ ^nwjLFk f'k{kk i)fr^ ls laLFkk ds Hkhrj dh og i)fr vfHkizsr gS] ftlesa jkT; lhekUrxZr f'k{k.k ds fy, ,sls lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh vkSj lapkj ek?;e tSls eYVhehfM;k] Ikzlkj.k] nwj n”̀; izlkj.k ¼VsyhdkfLaVx½] b.UkVjusV ij vkWuykbu] nwjlapkj dh vU; ikjLifjd fof/k;ka] bZ&esy b.VjusV] dEI;wVj] ikjLifjd laokn] bZ&yfuZax] i=kpkj ikB~;Øe] xks’Bh] lEidZ dk;ZØe ;k ,sls fdlh nks ;k vf/kd ek/;eksa dk la;qDr :Ik ls mi;ksx fd;k x;k gks( ¼M½ ^tek jkf'k^ ls fo”ofo|ky; }kjk Nk=ksa ls fy;s x, ,slh jkf”k vfHkizsr gS] tks fd okilh ;ksX; gS( ¼<½ ^ladk;k?;{k^ ls fo”ofo|ky; dk ladk;k/;{k ¼Mhu½ vfHkizsr gS( ¼.k½ ^foHkkx^ ls fo”ofo|ky; dk foHkkx ¼'kSf{kd bdkbZ½ vfHkizsr gS] ftlesa ,d ;k ,d ls vf/kd fo’k;ksa esa v/;;u o 'kks/k dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gks( ¼r½ ^deZpkjh^ us fo”ofo|ky; }kjk fu;qDr dkeZpkjh vfHkizsr gS] vkSj blds vUrxZr fo”ofo|ky;] ;k fdlh la?kVd egkfo|ky; ds v?;kid vkSj vU; deZpkjh Hkh lfEefyr gS( ¼Fk½ ^for lfefr^ ls fo”ofo|ky; dh for lfefr vfHkizsr gS( ¼n½ ^ladk;^ lsfo”ofo|ky; dk ladk; vfHkizsr gS( ¼/k½ ^'kqYd^ ls fo”ofo|ky; }kjk Nk=ksa ls fy;s x, ,slh jkf'k vfHkiszr gS] tks fd “kqYd ds rgr vkrh gS ,oa okilh ;ksX; ugh gS( ¼u½ ^ljdkj^ ls mRrjk[k.M ljdkj vfHkizsr gS( ¼i½ ^gky^ vFkok ^Nk=kokl^ ls fo”ofo|ky; vFkok la?kVd egkfo|ky; }kjk vuqjf{kr rFkk ekU; Nk=ksa ds vkokl dh bdkbZ vfHkizsr gS( ¼Q½ ^^,y ,e Mh ,tqds'kuy ,UM fjlpZ QkmUMs'ku^^ ¼VªLV½ ls VªLV ,DV ds vk/khu iathdr̀ VªLV vfHkizsr gS] ftldk iathdr̀ dk;kZy; 14@1] U;w jksM+] nsgjknwu & 248001 esa vofLFkr gS( ¼c½ ^izk;ksftr laLFkk ¼izeksfVax VªLV½^ ls VªLV ,DV ds rgr iathdr̀ VªLV] ^^,y ,e Mh ,tqds'kuy ,UM fjlpZ QkmUMs'ku^^ ¼VªLV½ nsgjknwu vRrjk[k.M vfHkizsr gS( ¼Hk½ ^fofgr^ ls ifjfu;eksa }kjk fofgr vfHkizsr gS( ¼e½ ^LFkk;h fuoklh^ ls jkT; dk ,slk fuoklh vfHkizsr gS ftlds ikl jkT; ljdkj }kjk le;&le; ij cuk;s x;s fu;eksa ds vuqlkj mRrjk[k.M jkT; esa ewy fuokl@LFkk;h fuokl dk oS/k izek.k i= gks( ¼;½ ^{ks=h; dsUnẑ ls ,slk dsUnz vfHkizsr gS] ftldks LFkkiuk ;k vuqj{k.k fo'ofo|ky; }kjk jkT; ds fdlh {ks= esa fLFkr v/;;u dsaUnzks ds leUo;] Ik;Zos{k.k rFkk ,sls dsUnz esa vU; iznRr dk;ksaZ ds lEiknu ds mnsn~'; esa izcU/k e.My }kjk fd;k x;k gks( ¼j½ ^jkT;^ ls mRrjk[k.M jkT; vfHkizsr gS( ¼y½ ^ifjfu;e^] fu;e vkSj v?;kns'k^ ls fo”ofo|ky; ds ifjfu;e] fu;e vkSj v/;kns'k vfHkizsr gS( ¼o½ ^v/;;u dsUnẑ ls fo”ofo|ky; }kjk eku;rk izkIr ,sls dsUnz vfHkizsr gS] ftldh jkT; lhekUrxZr LFkkiuk ,oa vuqj{k.k fo|kfFkZ;ksa dks lykg] ijke'kZ ;k vU; lgk;rk iznku djus ds mn~ns”; ls fd;k x;k gks( ¼'k½ ^v/;kid^ ls vkpk;Z] lg vkpk;Z] lgk;d vkpk;Z@O;k[;krk ,oa ,sls vU; O;fDr vfHkizsr gS] ftlds fo”ofo|ky; ;k blds fdlh ifjlj ;k fdlh la?kVd egkfo|ky; esa f”k{kk iznku djus] ;k “kks/k dk;Z ds lapkyu ds fy, fo”ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx ds ekun.Mksa ds vuq:I fu;qDr fd;k tk;s vkSj blds vUrZxr fdlh ifjlj ds funs'kd ;k la?kVd egkfo|ky; dk izkpk;Z@Mhu Hkh vkrk gS( ¼"k½ ^;w0th0lh0^ ls fo”ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx vf/kfu;e] 1956 ds vk/khu LFkkfir fo”ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx vfHkizsr gS( ¼l½ ^fo'ofo|ky;^ls bl vf/kfu;e ds v/khu çLrkfor DokWUVe fo'ofo|ky; vfHkçsr gS( ¼g½ ^fudk;^ ls fo”ofo|ky; dk fudk; vfHkizsr gS( ¼{k½ ^dqyk/;{k^ ¼foftVj½ ls fo”ofo|ky; ds dqyk/;{k vfHkizsr gSA v/;k; & nks fo”ofo|ky; ds mn~ns'; fo”ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk ds fy, izLrko 3- ¼1½ izk;ksftr laLFkk vFkkZr ^^,y ,e Mh ,tqds'kuy ,UM fjlpZ QkmUMs'ku^^ ¼VªLV½nsgjknwu] dks bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa ds vuqlkj ^DokWUVe fo”ofo|ky;^LFkkfir djus dk vf/kdkj gksxkA ¼2½ izk;ksftr laLFkk }kjk jkT; ljdkj dks fo'ofo|ky; LFkkiuk lEcU/kh izLRkko lfgr ,d vosnu i= izLrqr fd;k x;k gS] ftlds fuEu fooj.k izLrqr fd;s x;s%& ¼d½ izk;ksftr laLFkk ds iw.kZ fooj.k lfgr fo”ofo|ky; ds mn~ns';( ¼[k½ fo”ofo|ky; dh izkfLFkfr] foLrkj vkSj Hkwfe dh miyC/krk( ¼x½ vxkeh ikap o’kksZ esa fo”ofo|ky; }kjk pyk;s tkus okys 'kS{kf.kd ,oa vuqla?kku dk;ZØeksa dh izdf̀r rFkk izdkj( ¼?k½ ladk;ks dh izdf̀r] vkjEHk fd;s tkus okys ikB~;Øe rFkk 'kks/k dk;Z( ¼M-½ fo”ofo|ky; ifjlj dk fodkl tSls Hkou] miLdj rFkk lajpukRed lq[k lfo/kk,a( ¼p½ vkxkeh ikap o’kksZ ds fy, iwathxr O;; dk pj.kc) ifjO;;( ¼N½ enokj vkorhZ O;;] foRrh; lzksr ,oa izR;sd Nk= ds fy, vuqekfur O;;( ¼t½ laalk/ku tqVkus dh ;kstuk rFkk mldh iwathxr ykxr vkSj mUgsa pqdkus ds rjhds( ¼>½ vkUrfjd lalk/kuksa&fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls fy;s tkus okys 'kqYd ijke”kZ ,oa fo'ofo|ky; ds mn~ns';ksa ls lEcfU/kr vU; xfrfof/k;ksa ls izR;kf”kr jktLo ,oa vU; izR;kf'kr vk; }kjk vkUrfjd fuf/k;ksa ls l̀tu dh ;kstuk( ¼´½ laLFkk dh ykxr ij vkus okys O;;] jkT; ds ewy fuoklh Nk=ksa ds fy, f'k{k.k 'kqYdks es nh tkus okyh fj;k;rksa ;k NwV dh lhek] fu%”kqYdrk vkSj Nk=of̀RRk;ka rFkk vizoklh Hkkjrh;ksa ,oa fons'kksa ls vkus okys fo|kfFkZ;ksa ls fofHkUu njksa ij] ;fn dksbZ gks] fy;s tkus okys 'kqYdks ds Lo:I dk O;ksjk( ¼V½ izk;ksftr laLFkk esa miyC/k lEcfU/kr fo’k;ksa esa fo'ks’kKrk ,oa vuqHko dh vof/k rFkk foRrh; lalk/ku( ¼B½ fo”ofo|ky; ds ikB;Øeksa ds fy, Nk=ksa dh p;u i)fr( rFkk ¼M-½ fo”ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk ls iwoZ ,slh vU; “krksZa dh] ftudh iwfrZ jkT; lajdkj }kjk visf{kr gks] iwfrZ dh izkfLFkfrA fo”ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk 4- ¼1½ jkT; ljdkj vko”;d tkap djus ds mijkUr larq’V gS fd izk;ksftr laLFkk us lHkh “krsZa vkSj vko';drkvksa dks iw.kZ dj fy;k x;k gS vkSj ^DokWUVe fo'ofo|ky;^ Kkr uke ls mRrjk[k.M jkT; esa futh fo”ofo|ky; LFkkfir fd;k tkrk gSA ¼2½ fo'ofo|ky; ^DokWUVe fo'ofo|ky;^ ds uke ls ,d fuxfer fudk; gksxk vkSj mls lk'or mRrjkf/kdj gksxk vkSj mldh ,d lkekU; eqnzk gksxh rFkk og vius uke ls okn nk;j dj ldsxk vkSj ml ij okn nk;j fd;k tk ldsxkA ¼3½ ¼d½ fo'ofo|ky; dk eq[; ifjlj rglhy Hkxokuiqj] tuin gfj}kj esa vofLFkr gksxk RkFkk mldk vU; ifjlj vFkok {ks=h; dsUnz] v?;;u dsUnz dks LFkkiuk vU; LFkkuksa ij fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx vkSj vU; laoS/kkfud fudk;ksa }kjk LFkkfir izfØ;kvksa dsa vuqlkj fd;k tk ldsxkA fo'ofo|ky; ikap o’kZ dh vof/k ds ckn jkT; lhekUrxZr] jkT; ljdkj dh iwokZuqefr ls] viuk vfrfjDr ifjlj LFkkfir dj ldsxk] ijUrq ioZrh; {ks=ksa esa leqnz ry ls 1000 ehVj ls Åij jkT; lhekUrxZr vfrfjDr dSEil [kksyus dh dksbZ le;&lhek ugh gksxhA ¼[k½ fo'ofo|ky; dks vU; foHkkx@fo’k; izkjEHk djus ds fy,] ;fn vfrfjDr Hkwfe dh vko';drk gks] tSlk fd fu;ked laLFkk,a ;Fkk fo”ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx] vf[ky Hkkjrh; rduhdh f”k{kk ifj’kn~] jk’Vhª; v/;kid f”k{kk&ifj’kn~ vkfn lacaf/kr fu;ked laLFkkvksa ds ekudkuqlkj vko”;d gks] fo'ofo|ky; ;k rks eq[; ifjlj ds lehi] ;k vyx ¼fLIYkV½ ifjlj tuin gfj}kj esa ;k mÙkjk[k.M esa fdlh vkSj {ks= esa Hkh LFkkfir dj ldrk gSA ¼4½ fo'ofo|ky; ds dqykf/kifr] dqyifr] izfr dqyifr] dqy lfpo ,oa O;oLFkkid e.My] izcU/k eaMy ,oa fo|k ifj’kn ds lnL; bl izdkj LFkkfir fo'ofo|ky; esa rRle; mDr inksa ij dk;Z djrs gq;s fu;fer fudk; xfBr dj ldsaxs vkSj fo'ofo|ky; ds uke ls on nk;j dj ldsxsa o mu ij okn pyk;k tk ldrk gSA ¼5½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds vk/khu fo'ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk fd;s tkus ij fo'ofo|ky; ds iz;kstu ds fy, vf/kxg̀hr] fufeZr O;ofLFkr vFkok l̀ftr Hkwfe py ,oa vpy lEifRr;ka] izk;ksftr laLFkk dh lEifRr;ksa dks NksMdj fo'ofo|ky; dks vUrfjr ,oa mlesa fufgr gks tk;saxhA ¼6½ fo'ofo|ky; ds ikl miyC/k Hkwfe] Hkou] foHkUu foHkkxksa@ladk; ds lapkfyr leLr ikB~;Øe gsrq lEcfU/kr loksZPp fu;ked vk;ksx ds ekeyksa ds vuqlkj gksuk vko';d gksxkA ¼7½ fo'ofo|ky; ds eq[; ifjlj] ifjlj o v?;;u dsUnz vkfn esa vk/kkjHkwr ,oa vU; lqfo/kk,a ;w0th0lh0 ,oa “kh’kZ oS/kkfud fu;ked laLFkkuksa ds ekudks ds vuq:Ik gkasxhA fo'ofo|ky; dk foRrh; 5. fo'ofo|ky; Lo% foRriksf’kr gksxk vkSj jkT; ljdkj ds LokfeRo/khu] ;k fu;=.kk/khu fdlh vU; fudk;] ;k fuxe ls fdlh lgk;rk] vuqnku ;k fdlh vU; foRrh; lgk;rk lgk;rk vkfn ds fy, gdnkj u gksuk dh u rks dkbZ ekax djsxk vkSj u gh mlds fy, gdnkj gksXkkA fdlh laLFkk dks lEc) djus dh 'kfDr u gksuk 6- jkT; ds vUrxZr fo'ofo|ky; ds jkT; lhekUrxZr la?kVd egkfo|ky;] {ks=h; dsUnz],oa dSfj;j ,dsMeh lS.VlZ gks ldrs gSa] fdUrq mls fdlh vU; egkfo|ky; ;k laLFkk dks lEc)rk dk fo”ks’kkf/kdkj iznku djus dh 'kfDr ugh gksxhA fo'ofo|ky; vU; vuqla/kku laLFkku o vU; fo”ofo|ky;ksa ds lkFk lkewfgd vuqla/kku dk;Z ,oa f”k{k.k dk;Z dj ldrk gSA fo'ofo|ky; ds mn~ns”; 7 ftu mn~ns”;ksa ds fy, fo'ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk dh x;h gS os fuEuor gSa% & ¼d½ rduhdh f”k{kk] mPp f”k{kk] fpfdRlk ,oa nUr f”k{kk] fof/k f”k{kk] mM~M;u f”k{kk] lkekftd foKku] lkekU; foKku ,oa vU; fo’k;ksa ,oa vU; “kk[kkvksa] tSls dh fo'ofo|ky; mfpr le>s] esa v?;;u] v?;kiu] ifj{k.k ,oa “kks/k dk;ksZ dks iznku djuk ,oa O;oLFkk djuk( ¼[k½ rduhdh f”k{kk] mPp f”k{kk] fpfdRlk ,oa nUr f”k{kk] fof/k f”k{kk] mM~M;u f”k{kk] lkekftd foKku] lkekU; foKku ,oa vU; fo’k;ksa ,oa vU; {ks=ksa vkfn esa ifjlj ,oa la?kVd egkfo|ky;ksa dh LFkkiuk rFkk lfVZfQdsV dkslZ] fMIyksek] Lukrd vkSj LukrdksRrj fMxzh ,oa ih-,p-gh- fMxzh] tks fd fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx }kjk ukedj.k fd;k x;k gks dks LFkkfir djuk ,oa iznku djuk] fdUrq fo'ofo|ky; dks vius mn~ns”;ksa dks izksRlkgu gsrq ,sls u;s vU; fMIyksek vkSj izek.k i= ikB~;Øe iznku djus dk vf/kdkj gksxk( ¼x½ mijksDr ¼[k½ esa mfYyf[kr ikB~;Øeksa ds fy, fo”ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx ,oa lacaf/kr fu;ked laLFkkvksa dh iwokZuqefr ls nwjLFk f”k{kk iz.kkyh ds ek/;e ls f”k{k.k iznku djus ds fy, vuojr f”k{kk ds v/khu jkT; esa la?kVd dsUnz dh LFkkiuk( ¼?k½ ijh{kk dsUnzks dks LFkkfir djuk( ¼M-½ fo'ofo|ky; dks fMxazh] fMIyksek] izek.k i= o vU; “kSf{kd miyfC/k] ijh{kkvksa vFkok vU; iz.kkyh ds vk/kkj ij iznku djuk( ¼p½ fo'ofo|ky; }kjk rduhdh f'k{kk] mPp f'k{kk] fpfDrlk ,oa nUr fpfDrlk f'k{kk] fof/k f'k{kk] mM~M;u f'k{kk] lkekftd foKku] lkekU; foKku ,oa vU; {ks=ksa esa vuqla/kku ,oa uohu ifjorZuksa dks izksRlkfgr djus ds fu, vuqla/kku ,oa fodkl dsUnz dh LFkkiuk }kjk v/;;u xksf"B;kaa] vf/kos'ku] dk;Z 'khfoj] 'kS{kf.kd dk;ZØe lkeqnkf;d fodkl dk;ZØe] izdk'ku] izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe ,oa lewg v/;;u] bR;kfn djuk( ¼N½ okg; v/;;u] foLrkj dk;ZØe ,oa okg; {ks=h; xfrfof/kk;ksa }kjk lekt ds fodkl esa viuk ;ksxnku nsuk( ¼t½ fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx ds izko/kku ,oa fu;eksa ds vUrZxr vkWQ&”kksj dSEil dh LFkkiuk djukA ¼>½ tSls fd vko”;d gks] ,sls lHkh dk;Z djuk] tks fo”ofo|ky; ds leLr ;k fdUgh mn~ns”;ksa dh izkfIr ds fy, vko”;d] izklafxd ,oa lgk;d gksA fo'ofo|ky; dh 'kfDr;k 8 ¼1½ fo'ofo|ky; dh fuEufyf[kr “kfDr;ka gksaxh( vFkkZr~%& ¼d½ rduhdh f'k{kk] mPp f”k{kk] fpfdRlk] ijk fpfdRlk ,oa nUr fpfDrlk f”k{kk] fof/k f”k{kk] mM~M;u f”k{kk] lkekftd foKku] lkekU; foKku ,oa vU; fo’k;ksa ,oa vU; {ks=ksa esa v/;;u] v/;kiku] ifj{k.k ,oa “kks?k dk;Z] f”k{k.k O;lLFk djuk rFkk vuqla/kku ,oa Kku ds vfHko/kZu vkSj izlkj dk izkfo/kku djuk( ¼[k½ fo'ofo|ky; ds mn~ns”;ksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, ,slh vU; leLRk xfrfof/k;ka lEikfnr djuk] tks vko';d vFkok lk/; gksa( ¼x½ ,sls O;fDr;ksa ds fy, ijh{kk,a vk;ksftr djuk rFkk mUgs mikf/ka;k ;k vU; “kS{kf.kd fof”k’Vrk;s lafLFkr vkSj iznku djuk ftUgksus%& ¼1½ fo'ofo|ky; ;k blds ifjlj ;k fdlh la?kVd egkfo|ky; ;k nwjLFk f'k{kk i)fr ds vk/khu {ks=h; dsUnzks] v/;;u dsUnzks ;k dSfj;j ,dsMeh lS.VlZ esa f”k{k.k ikB~;Øe dk v/;;u fd;k gks( vFkok ¼2½ fo'ofo|ky; ;k fdlh la?kVd egkfo|ky; esa] ;k fdlh nwjLFk f”k{kk i)fr ds vk/khu “kks/k dk;Z fd;k gks( ¼?k½ ifjfu;eksa @ izkfo/kkuksa esa vfHkdfFkr jhfr ls vkSj 'krksaZ ds vk/khu ekun~ mikf/k;ksa] ;k vU; “kS{kf.kd fof”k’Vrk;s iznku djuk( ¼M-½ ifjfu;eksa ds vuqlkj v/;srkof̀Rr;ka] Nk=of̀Rr;ka rFkk iqjLdkj lafLFkr bR;kfn ,oa iznku djuk( ¼p½ ,slh Qhl] tek] chtd dh ekax djuk vkSj izkIr djuk rFkk izHkkj laxzg djuk tks ;FkkfLFkfr] ifjfu;eksa ;k fu;eksa }kjk fu;r fd;s tk;sa( ¼N½ ,sls {ks=h; dsUnzksa vkSj v/;;u dsUnzks dh LFkkiuk djuk] vuqj{k.k djuk ,oa ekU;rk iznku djuk tSls le;&le; ij fo'ofo|ky; ds ifjfu;eksa es fufnZ’V jhfr }kjk fu/kkZfjr fd;k tk,( ¼t½ fo|kfFkZ;ksa vkSj deZpkfj;ksa ds fy, f”k{kk ds vfrfjDr ikB~;ksRrj vU; xfrfof/k;ksa dh O;oLFkk djuk( ¼>½ fo'ofo|ky; vFkok blds ifjlj ;k la?kVd egkfo|ky; {ks=h; dsUnzks] v?;;u dsUnzksa] vuqla/kku dsUnzks rFkk dSfj;j ,dsMeh ls.VlZ esa ladk; vf/kdkfj;ksa vkSj deZpkfj;ksa dh fu;qfDr djuk( ¼´½ izk;ksftr laLFkk ds iwoZ vuqefr ls fo'ofo|ky; blds ifjlj ;k fdlh la?kVd ekgkfo|ky;] {ks=h; dsUnzks] v/;;u dsUnzksa] vuqla?kku dUnzksa vkSj dSfj;j ,dsMfed ls.VlZ ds iz;kstukFkZ nku vkSj fdlh izdkj ds migkj izkIr djuk rFkk U;kl vkSj foU;kl dh lEifRr;ksa lfgr fdlh py vpy laIkfRr dk vf/kxzg.k djuk] /kkj.k djuk] izcU/k djuk] vuqj{k.k djuk vkSj fuiVkjk djuk( ¼V½ fo'ofo|ky; blds ifjlj ;k fdlh la?kVd egkfo|ky; ds Nk=ksa ds fy, gkWy@Nk=kokl LFkkiuk vkSj mudk vuqj{k.k djuk vkSj fuokl LFkkuks dks fuf”pr djuk( ¼B½ vkokl dk fu;U=.k djuk] Ik;Zos{k.k djuk vkSj leLr Js.kh ds deZpkfj;ksa ,oa Nk=ksa es e/; vuq”kklu ij fu;a=.k j[kuk rFkk vkpkj lafgrk lfgr ,sls dkeZpkfj;ksa dh lsok “krsZa fofufnZ’V djuk( ¼M½ “kS{kf.kd iz”kklfud ,oa lgk;d deZpkfj;ksa vkSj vU; vko”;d inksa dk l̀tZu djuk( ¼<½ Hkkjr ;k fons”kksa ds laLFkkuks] laxBuksa] fo'ofo|ky;ksa] O;fDr fo”ks’kksa] m|ksx ,oa laLFkkvksa ds lkFk ,slh jhfr ls rFkk ,sls iz;kstu ds fy, lgdk;Z vkSj lg;ksx djuk ftUgs fo'ofo|ky; le;&le; ij vo/kkfjr djs( ¼.k½ fo”ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx ,oa lacaf/kr fu;ked laLFkkvksa dh iwokZuqefr ls nwjLFk f”k{kk i)fr vkSj ,slh jhfr dh O;oLFkk djuk ftlls fo'ofo|ky; ds “kS{kf.kd dk;ZØeksa ds vuqlkj nwjLFk f”k{kk dks vk;ksftr fd;k tk lds ( ¼r½ f”k{dksa] v?;kidks] ikBys[kdksa] ewY;kaddks vkSj vU; “kS{kf.kd deZpkfj;ksa ds fy, iqu”p;kZ ikB~;Øe] vfHkfoU;kl ikB~;Øe] dk;Z”kkyk;s] laxksf’B;ka vkSj vU; dk;ZØe vk;ksftr vkSj lapkfyr djuk( ¼Fk½ fo'ofo|ky; blds ifjlj ;k fdlh la?kVd egkfo|ky;] {ks=h; dsUnzks] v/;;u dsUnzksa] vuqla?kku dsUnzks vkSj dSfj;j ,dsMfed ls.VlZ esa fof”k’V lfefr;ksa ds ek/;e ls ,oa fo|kifj’kn~ ds vuqeksnu ls izos”k ds fy, ekud vo/kkfjr djuk( ¼n½ fo'ofo|ky; blds ifjlj ;k fdlh la?kVd egkfo|ky;] {ks=h; dsUnzksa] v/;;u dsUnzks] vuqla/kku dsUnzks] vkSj dSfj;j ,dsMfed ls.VlZ esa fdlh ikB~;Øe esa izos”k ds fy, mRrjk[k.M jkT; ds LFkk;h fuoklh ds fy, ;ksX;rk ds vk/kkj ij fo”ks’k O;oLFkk djuk( ¼?k½ fo'ofo|ky; }kjk rduhdh f”k{kk] mPp f”k{kk] fpfdR;k ,oa nUr f”k{kk] fof/k f”k{kk] mM~M;u f”k{kk] lkekftd foKku] lkekU; foKku ,oa vU; fo’k;ksa esa Lukrd] LukRkdksRrj] MkDVj vkWQ ^QsyklQh^ MkWDVj vkWQ lkbUl dh mikf/k;ksa ,oa “kks/k dk;Z ds fy, ,sls ikB~;Øe fu/kkZfjr djuk tks fo”ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx o vU; oS/kkfud ifj’knksa ds vUrZxr vkrs gSa] fdUrq vius fo’k;ksa eas fMIyksek izek.k&i= vkfn fn;stkus ds lEcU/k esa viuk ikB~;Øe vkjEHk djus dk fo”ofo|ky; dks vf/kdkj izkIr gksxk( ¼u½ fo”ofo|ky; dh “kS{kf.kd xfrfof/k;k] izk;ksftr laLFkk dh xfrfof/k;ksa ls Li’Vr; foyx gkasxh( ¼i½ fQYe dSlsV] Vsi] fofM;ks dSlsV] lh-Mh-] Mh-oh-Mh- vkSj vU; lk¶Vos;j bR;kfn lfgr “ksf{kd lkexzh rS;kj djus dh O;oLFkk djuk*( ¼Q½ vU; fo”ofo|ky; LkaLFkkvksa ,oa mPp f”k{kk dsUnzksa dh ijh{kkvksa vFkok v/;;u dh vof/k ¼iw.kZ vFkok vkaf”kd½ dks fo”ofo|ky; dh ijh{kkvksa vFkok v/;;u dh vof/k ds lerqY; ekU;rk iznku djuk vkSj mudks nh x;h ekU;rk dks fdlh Hkh le; lekIr djuk( ¼c½ O;oLFkkid e.My ds vuqeksnu ls fo”ofo|ky; dh lEifRr dh izfrHkwfr ij ;k mlds fcuk fo”ofo|ky; ds fy, /ku tqVkuk] laxzg djuk] Lohdkj djuk vkSj _.kizkIr djuk( ¼Hk½ lafonk djuk] mldk fu"iknu djuk] mlesa ifjorZu ;k mls lekIr djuk( ¼e½ fo”ofo|ky; ds mn~ns”;ksa dks vxzlj djus ds fy, ;Fkk vko';d o laHko ,sls lHkh vU; dk;Z djuk] pkgs os mi;ZqDr “kfDr;ksa ds vuq’kaafxd gks ;k u gks( ¼;½ ,d dkuwuh bdkbZ ds :Ik esa vius izkf/kdr̀ vf/kdkjh ds ek/;e ls fdlh Hkh U;k;ky;] fVªC;wuy ;k izkf/kdj.k esa vius uke ls okn ykuk vkSj okn nk;j djukA ¼2½ rRle; izoR̀r fdlh vU; fof/k esa fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh vkSj mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds micU/kksa ij izfrdwy izHkko Mkys fcuk fo”ofo|ky; vkSj nwjLFk f”k{kk iz.kkfy;ksa ds izksRlkgu djus rFkk ,slh iz.kkfy;ksa ds f”k{k.k] ewY;kadu vkSj “kks/k ekud fu/kkZfjr djus ds fy, os LkHkh mik; djuk fo”ofo|ky; dk drZO; gksxk] tks og mfpr le>s vkSj bl dk;Z ds fu’iknu gsrq fo”ofo|ky;ksa] egkfo|ky;ksa] {ks=h; dsUnzksa] v/;;u dsUnzksa] vuqla?kku dsUnzksa vkSj dSfj;j ,dsMfed lS.VlZ dks pkgs mUgsa fo”ks’kkf/kdkj Lohdr̀ gq, gksa vFkok ugh vFkok fdlh vU; fo”ofo|ky; ;k mPp f”k{kk laLFkku dks vuqeksnuks ds vkaoaVu ,oa lforj.k dh “kfDr lfgr ,slh “kfDr;ka izkIr gksaxh] tks ifjfu;eksa }kjk fofufnZ’V dh tk;saA fo'ofo|ky; esa lHkh oxZ] tkfr ,oa fyax dh igqp gksxh 9 fo”ofo|ky; lHkh O;fDr;ksa ds fy, pkgs os fdlh oxZ] tkfr] ;k fyax ds gksa] ds izos”k ds fy, [kqyk jgsxk] ijUrq ;g fd bl /kkjk dh fdlh ckr ls ;g ugh le>kk tk;sxk fd fo”ofo|ky; }kjk mRrjk[k.M ds fo|kfFkZ;ksa ds izos”k ds fy, fo”ks’k izkfo/kku djus dh izfrcU/k gS% ijUrq ;g vkSj fd bl /kkjk ds fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq;s ;g ugh le>k tk;sxk fd fo”ofo|ky; ;k fdlh la?kVd egkfo|ky;] {ks=h; dsUnzksa] v/;;u dsUnzksa] vuqla/kku dsUnzksa vkSj dSfj;j ,dsMfed lS.VlZ }kjk fdlh Hkh ikB~;Øe esa ifjfu;eksa }kjk vo/kkfjr la[;k ls vf/kd Nk=ksa dks izos”k nsuk visf{kr gSA jk"Vh; izR;k;u 10 fo'ofo|ky; fofHkUu jk’Vh; izR;k;u laLFkkvksa ls ekU;rk izkIr djsxkA v/;k; & rhu fo'ofo|ky; ds vf/kdkjh fo'ofo|ky; ds vf/kdkjh 11 fo'ofo|ky; ds fuEufyf[kr vf/kdkjh gksaxs% & ¼d½ dqyk/;{k ¼foftVj½ ¼[k½ dqykf/kifr( ¼x½ dqyifr( ¼?k½ izfr&dqyifr( ¼M-½dqylfpo( ¼p½ ladk;k/;{k( ¼N½ foRr vf/kdkjh( vkSj ¼t½ ,sls vU; vf/kdkjh] ftUgs ifjfu;eksa }kjk fo'ofo|ky; ds vf/kdkjh ?kksf’kr fd;k tk,A dqyk/;{k ¼foftVj½ 12 ¼1½ mRrjk[k.M dk jkT;iky fo'ofo|ky; ds dqyk/;{k gksaxsA ¼2½ dqyk/;{k] tc mifLFkr gksa] rks mikf/k;ka ,oa fMIyksaek iznku djus ds fy, vk;ksftrfo'ofo|ky; nh{kkUr lekjksg dh v/;{krk djsaxsA ¼3½ dqyk/;{k dh fuEufyf[kr 'kfDr;ka gksaxh] vFkkZr%& ¼d½ fo'ofo|ky; dh dk;Ziz.kkyh ls lEcfU/kr fdlh Hkh vfHkys[k] iz= ;k lwpuk dks ekaxuk( ¼[k½ dqyk?;{k dks izkIr lwpuk ds vk/kkj ij] ;fn og lUrq’V gks fd dksbZ vkns”k] dk;ZoR̀r] ;k fu.kZ;] tks fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh Hkh izkf/kdkjh }kjk fy;k x;k gks] vf/kfu;e] v/;kns”k]ifjfu;e vFkok fu;e ds vuq:Ik ugh gS rks og ,sls funsZ'k tkjh dj ldsaxs] ftUgs og fo'ofo|ky; ds fgr esa mfpr le>s vkSj bl izdkj tkjh fd;s x;s funsZ'kksa dk lHkh lEcfU/krkas }kjk vuqikyu fd;k tk;sxk( ¼x½ ekun mikf/k iznku fd;s tkus dk izrsjd izLrko ij dqyk/;{k dk vuqeksnu fy;k tkuk gksxkA dqykf/kifr 13 ¼1½ iz;ksftr laLFkk ¼izeksfVax VªLV½] vius lnL;ksa esa ls ,d lnL; ;k mlds }kjk loZlEefr ls fdlh vU; dks dqykf/kifr fu;qDr fd;k tk ldsxkA ¼2½ dqykf/kifr dks ,slh 'kfDr;ka izkIr gksaxh] tks mls bl vf/kfu;e] ;k blds vk/khu cuk;s x;s ifjfu;eksa }kjk iznku dh tk;saxhA ¼3½ dqykf/kifr dh fuEufyf[kr 'kfDr;ka gksxh] vFkkZr~%& ¼d½ dksbZ Hkh lwpuk ;k vfHkys[k ekaxus dk vf/kdkj ¼[k½ dqyifr dh fu;qfDr dk vf/kdkj ¼x½ dqyifr dks inP;qr djus dk vf/kdkj ¼?k½ ,slh vU; 'kfDRk;ka tks bl vf/kfu;e esa fofgr dh x;h gksA dqyifr 14 ¼1½ dqykf/kifr }kjk mi/kkjk ¼2½ ds micU/kks ds vuqlkj xfBr lfefr }kjklaLrqr rhu O;fDr;ksa ds iSuy esa ls rhu o’kZ dh vof/k ds fy, ,sls fucU/kksa vkSj 'krksZ ij tSls fd ifjfu;eks }kjk fofgr dh tk;sa] dqyifr dh fu;qfDr dh tk;sxhA ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fufnZ"V lfefr esa fuEufyf[kr O;fDRk gksxsa% vFkkZr~%& ¼d½ dqyk/;{k }kjk ukfer ,d lnL;] ¼[k½ dqykf/kifr }kjk ukfer ,d lnL;] ¼x½ O;oLFkkid e.My }kjk euksuhr rhu lnL; ftuesa ls ,d dks O;oLFkkid e.My }kjk lfefr ds l;ksatd ds :i esa ukfer fd;k tk;sxkA ¼3½ lfefr ;ksX;rk ds vk/kkj ij dqyifr ds in ds ;ksX; rhu O;fDr;ksa dk iSuy rS;kj djsxh vkSj izrsad O;fDr dh “kSf{kd ;ksX;krkvksa rFkk vU; fof”k’Vrkvksa ds laf{kIr fooj.k ds lkFk mls dqykf/kifr dks vxzlkfjr djsxhA ¼4½a dqyifr fo'ofo|ky; dk izeq[k dk;Zikyd] ç'kklfud vkSj “kS{kf.kd vf/kdkjh gksxk] tks fd fo'ofo|ky; ds dk;Zdykiks ij lkekU; Ik;Zos{k.k vkSj fu;U=.k j[ksxk vkSj fo'ofo|ky; ds izkf/kdkjh;ksa ds fofu”p;ksa dks ykxw djsxkA ¼5½ tgka v/;kid dh fu;qfDr ls fHkUu dksbZ ,slh vR;ko”;d ekeyk gks] ftlesa rRdky dk;Zogh djuk vkisf{kr gks vkSj mlds lEcU/k esa dk;Zokgh djus ds fy, bl vf/kfu;e }kjk ;k mlds vk/khu fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh l”kDr vf/kdkjh ;k izkf/kdkjh ;k vU; fudk; }kjk bl ij rRdky dk;Zogh uk dh ldh rks dqykf/kifr ds iwokZuqeksnu ls dqyifr ,slh dk;Zogh dj ldsxk] tks og mfpr le>sA ¼6½ dqyifr ,slh vU; 'kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx vkSj ,sls vU; drZO;ksa dk ikyu djsxk] tks ifjfu;eksa ;k fu;ekoyh }kjk vfHkdfFkr fd;s tk;saA ¼7½ dqykf/kifr dks lE;d tkap ds mijkUr]dqyifr dks gVkus dk vf/kdkj izkIr gksxkA dqykf/kifr] tkap ds nkSjku vkjkiksa dh xEHkhjrk dks nf̀’Vxr j[krs gq,] tSlk og mfpr le>s] dqyifr dks fuyfEcr dj ldsxsA izfr&dqyifr 15 izfr dqyifr dh fu;qfDr dqyifr }kjk dqykf/kifr ds iwokZuqeksnu ls ,slh jhfr ls dh tk ldsxh] tSlh fd ifjfu;eksa esa fofgr dh tk;sa vkSj izfr dqyifr ,slh “kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx rFkk ,sls dR̀;ksa dk ikyu djsxk] tks ifjfu;eksa }kjk fofgr fd;s tk;saA dqylfpo 16 ¼1½ dqylfpo dh fu;qfDr] dqykf/kifr }kjk ,slh jhfr ls ,oa ,sls fucU/kks vkSj 'krksZ ij dh tk;sxh] tSls dh fofgr dh tk;saA ¼2½ dqylfpo fo'ofo|ky; dh vksj ls lHkh lafonka, djsxk vkSj mUgs gLrk{kfjr djsxkA ¼3½ dqylfpo dks fo'ofo|ky; dh vksj ls vfHkys[kks dks vfHkizekf.kr djus dh 'kfDr gksxh vkSj og ,slh vU; “kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx vkSj ,sls vU; drZO;ksa dk ikyu djsxk] tks ifjfu;eks }kjk fofgr fd;s tk;sa] ;k dqykf/kifr ;k dqyifr }kjk le;&lae; ij vkisf{kr gSA ¼4½ dqylfopo] fo'ofo|ky; ds vfHkys[kksa rFkk lkekU; eqnzk dh lE;d vfHkj{kk ds fy, mRrjnk;h gksxk vkSj og dqykf/kifr] dqyifr ;k fdlh vU; mfpr izkf/kdkjh ds le{k ,slh leLr lqpuk;s vkSj nLrkost] tks muds dk;Z lEiknu ds fy, vko';d gksa] izLrqr djus ds fy, ok/; gksxkA ladk;k/;{k 17 ladk;k/;{kksa dh fu;qfDr dqyifr }kjk dqykf/kifr dh iqokZuqeksnu ls ,slh jhfr ls dh tk;sxh fd ifjfu;eksa }kjk og ,slh “kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx RkFkk ,sls d`R;ksa dk ikyu djs]tks ifjfu;eksa }kjk fofgr fd;s tk;saA foRr vf/kdkjh 18 foRr vf/kdjh dqykf/kifr }kjk ,slh jhfr ls fu;qDr fd;k tk;axk vkSj og ,slh “kfDr;ksa dk iz;ksx vFkok ,sls drZO;ksa dk ikyu djsxk] tks fd ifjfu;eksa }kjk fofgr fd;s tk;saA vU; vf/kdkjh x.k 19 fo'ofo|ky; ds vU; vf/kdkfj;ksa dh fu;qfDr dh jhfr] lsok ds fu;e o 'krsZ rFkk “kfDr;ka o drZO; ,sls gksaxs] tks ifjfu;eksa }kjk fofgr fd;s tk;saA v/;k;&pkj fo'ofo|ky; ds izkf/kdkjh fo'ofo|ky; ds 20- fo'ofo|ky; ds fuEufyf[kr izf/kdkjh gksaxs( vFkkZr %& izkf/kdkjh 20 fo'ofo|ky; ds fuEufyf[kr izf/kdkjh gksaxs( vFkkZr %& ¼d½ O;oLFkkid e.My( ¼[k½ izcU/k e.My( ¼x½ fo|k ifj’kn( ¼?k½ foRr lfefr( vkSj ¼M-½ ,sls vU; izkf/kdkjh] ftUgs ifjfu;eksa }kjk fo'ofo|ky; ds ifjfu;eksa esa izkf/kdkjh ?kksf’kr fd;s tk;sxsaaA O;OkLFkkid e.My Ok mldh 'kfDr;ka 21 ¼1½ O;oLFkkid e.My esa fuEufyf[kr gksaxs%& ¼d½dqykf/kifr O;oLFkkid e.My ds v?;{k gksxsa] ¼[k½ O;oLFkkid e.My ds lg v?;{k dks izk;ksftr laLFkk ds lnL;ksa esa ls fdlh lnL; dks ukfer fd;k tk;sxk] ¼x½dqyifr & lnL; lfpo( ¼?k½dqyk/;{k }kjk ukfer &,d f”k{kk fon( ¼M-½jkT; ljdkj mPp f'k{kk foHkkx ls çeq[k lfpo@lfpo ¼p½izk;ksftr laLFkk }kjk ukfer & ikap lnL;( ¼N½izfrf’Br mPp f”k{k.k laLFkkuks ds vf/kdkfj;ksa esa ls izk;ksftr laLFkk }kjk ukfer & nks lnL;( ¼2½ O;oLFkkid e.My] fo'ofo|ky; dh eq[; iz”kklfud laLFkk gksxh vkSj mldh fuEufyf[kr “kfDr;ka gksaxh] vFkkZr %& ¼d½ fo'ofo|ky; }kjk vuqlj.k dh tkus okyh fufr;ksa dk fu?kkZj.k( ¼[k½ fo'ofo|ky; ds vU; izkf/kdkfj;ksa ds fofu”p;ksa dk] ;fn os ,sls vf/kfu;e ;k ifjfu;eksa ;k fu;ekoyh ds micU/kksa ds vuq:Ik u gksa] dk iquZfoyksdu( ¼x½ fo'ofo|ky; ds ctV vksj okf’kZd izfrosnu dk vuqeksnu( ¼?k½ ubZ vFkok vfrfjDr ifjfu;eksa dks cukuk ;k iwoZ es cus ifjfu;eksa vFkok fu;ekofy;ksa dk laLkks/ku ;k fujlu( ¼M-½ fo'ofo|ky; ds LoSfPNd lekiu ds lEcU/k esa fofuf”p; djuk( ¼p½ jkT; ljdkj dks izLrqr fd;s tkus okys izLrkoksa dk vuqeksnu djuk( ¼N½ ,sls fu.kZ; ,oa iz;kl djuk] tks fo'ofo|ky; ds mn~ns”;ksa] ds izHkkoh <ax ls fu’iknu ds fy, okaNuh; ik;s x;s gSa( ¼t½ fo'ofo|ky; ds laoS/kkfud ys[kk ijh{kdks dh fu;qfDr djuk] vkSj ¼>½ fo'ofo|ky; ds lHkh [kkrksa dks [kksyuk] cUn djuk] lapkfyr djuk o izcU/k djukA ¼3½ O;oLFkkid e.Mydh o’kZ esa U;wure nks cSBds ,sls le; vkSj LFkku iaj gksaaxh] tSlk fd O;oLFkkid e.My ds v?;{k mfpr le>saA izcU/k e.My 22 ¼1½ izcU/k e.My esa fuEufyf[kr lnL; gksaxs( vFkkZr & ¼d½ dqyifr & v/;{k( ¼[k½ izfr&dqyifr ¼;fn gSa rks½( ¼x½ dqykf/kifr }kjk ukfer ,d vf/kdkjh( ¼?k½ izk;ksftr laLFkk }kjk ikap lnL;( ¼M-½ dqykf/kifr }kjk ukfer pfØ; vk/kkj ij ukfer nks izk/;kid( ¼p½ dqykf/kifr }kjk ukfer pfØ; vk/kkj ij nks ladk;k/;{k( ¼N½ dqylfpo xSj & lnL; lfpo gksxkA ¼2½ izcU/k e.My dh “kfDr;ka ,oa dR̀; ,sls gksaxs] tSlk ifjfu;eksa fofgr fd;k tk;sA fo|k ifj"kn 23 ¼1½ fo|k ifj’kn ds fuEufyf[kr lnL; gksaxs( vFkkZr & ¼d½ dqyifr & v/;{k( ¼[k½ dqylfpo &lfpo( ¼x½ ,sls vU; lnL;] tSlk ifjfu;eksa es fofgr fd;k tk;sA ¼2½ fo|k ifj’kn] fo'ofo|ky; dh izeq[k “kS{kf.kd fudk; gksxh vkSj bl vf/kfu;e dsvk?khu fufeZr fu;eksa o ifjfu;eksa ds vUrZxr jgrs gq, fo'ofo|ky; dh “kS{kkf.kd fufr;ksa esa leUo; LFkkfir djsxh vkSj mudk lkekU; Ik;Zos{k.k djsxhA ¼3½ fo|k ifj’kn dh “kfDr;ka ,oa dR̀; ,sls gksaxs] tSlk ifjfu;eksa }kjk fofgr fd;s tk,A foRr lfefr 24 ¼1½ foRr lfefr esa fuEufyf[kr lnL; gksaxs( vFkkZr& ¼d½ dqykf/kifr & lHkkifr ¼[k½ for vf/kdkjh & lfpo ¼x½ ,sls vU; lnL;] tks ifjfu;e esa fofgr fd;s tk;saA ¼2½ foRr lfefr fo'ofo|ky; dh izeq[k foRr fudk; gksxh] tks foRrh; ekeyks dh ns[kHkky djsxh vkSj bl vf/kfu;e ds vk/khu fufeZr fu;eksa] ifjfu;eksa rFkk fu;ekoyh ds v/;k/khu jgrs gq, fo'ofo|ky; ds foRrh; ekeyksa esa leUo; LFkkfir djsxh ,oa mldk lkekU; Ik;Zos{k.k djsxhA ¼3½ foRr lfefr dh “kfDr;ka ,oa dR̀; ogh gksaxh] tks ifjfu;eksa }kjk fofgr fd;s tk;asxsA vU; izkf/kdj.k 25 fo'ofo|ky; ds vU; izkf/kdj.kks dk xBu] mudh “kfDr;ksa vkSj dR̀; ,sls gksaxs] tSls dh ifjfu;eksa }kjk fofgr fd;s tk,aA fjfDr ds dkj.k dk;Zokgh dk vfof/kekU; u gksuk 26 fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh izkf/kdj.k dk dksbZ dk;Z ;k dk;Zokgh dsoy bl dkj.k vfof/kekU; u gksxh fd izkf/kdj.k ds xBu esa dksbZ fjfDr ;k =qfV fo|eku FkhA v/;k; & ikap ifjfu;e vkSj fu;e ifjfu;e 27 bl vf/kfu;ea ds micU/kksa ds v/;/khu jgrs gq,] fo'ofo|ky; rFkk dkeZpkfj;ksa dslEcU/k esa lHkh ;k fdlh fo’k; ds fy, ifjfu;e vkSj fu;ekoyh ds }kjk O;oLFkk dh tk ldrh gS] tks fuEuor gS& ¼d½ fo'ofo|ky; ds izkf/kdkfj;ksa ds dk;Z & laIkknu vkSj ,slh bdkbZ;ksa ds xBu dh izfØ;k] tks bl vf/kfu;e esa fofuZfn’V ugh dh x;h gS( ¼[k½ LFkk;h foU;kl fuf/k] lkekU; fuf/k vkSj fodkl fuf/k dk laPkkyu] ¼Xk½ dqyifr] izfr dqyifr] dqy lfpo vkSj foRr vf/kdkjh dh fu;qfDr dh fu;e o “krsaZ rFkk muds “kfDr;ka o dR̀;( ¼?k½ fo'ofo|ky; ds vU; vf/kdkfj;ksa] v?;kidks vksj dkeZpkfj;ksa dh fu;qfDr dh jhfr vkSj lsok “krsZ( ¼M-½ fo'ofo|ky; vkSj mlds vf/kdkfj;ksa] ladk; ds lnL;ksa dkeZpkfj;ksa vkSj Nk=ksa ds e/; fookn ds fujkdj.k dh izfØ;k] ¼Pk½ foHkkxks vkSj ladk;ksa dk l̀tZu] mRlknu vkSj mldh iquZlajpuk( ¼N½ vU; fo'ofo|ky;ksa rFkk mPp f”k{kk dh laLFkkvksa ds lkFk lg;ksx dh jhfr( ¼t½ ekun~ mikf/k;ksa dks iznku dkjus dh izfØ;k( ¼>½ fu%”kqYdrk vkSj Nk=fof̀Rr;ka iznku djuk( ¼´½ fofHkUu iB~;Øeksa esa lhVks dh la[;k rFkk ,sls ikB~;Øeksa esa Nk=ksa ds izos”k dh izfØ;k] ftlesa mRrjk[k.M LFkk;h fuokfl;ksa ds fy, lhVksa ds vkj{k.k dh O;oLFkk Hkh lEefyr gS( ¼V½ fofHkUu ikB~;Øeksa ds fy, Nk=ks ls fy, tkus okys “kqYd( ¼B½ v?;srkof̀Rr;ka] Nk=of̀r;ka] v/;;uof̀r;ka] fu”kqYdrk] ind vkSj iqjLdkj dh lafLFkr djuk( ¼M½ inks dk l̀tu vkSj lekiu djuk( ¼<½ fo'ofo|ky; ds Nk=ksa@dkeZpkfj;ksa ds fo:) vuq”kklukRed dk;Zokgh( ¼.k½ vU; ekeys tks fofgr fd;s tk;sa( ¼r½ dqykf/kifr dh fu;qfDr mudh “kfDr;ka ,oa dR̀;( ifjfu;e dSls cuk;s tk;saxs 28 ¼1½ O;oLFkkid e.My }kjk cuk;s x;s izFke ifjfu;e jkT; ljdkj ds vuqeksnu ds fy, izLrqr fd;s tk;saxs] tks mikUrj ds lkFk ;k fcuk mikUrj ds ifjfu;eksa dh izkfIr ds fnukad ds rhu ekg ds vUnj viuk vuqeksnu ns ldsxhA ¼2½ tgka jkT; ljdkj mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds vk/khu fofufnZ’V vof/k esa ifjfu;eksa ds vuqeksnu ds lEcU/k esa dksbZ fofu”p; djus esa vlQy jgrh gS] ogka le>k tk;sxk fd jkT; ljdkj us ifjfu;eksa dks vuqeksfnr dj fn;k gSA ifjfu;e esa la”kks/ku djus dh 'kfDr 29 O;oLFkkid e.My jkT; ljdkj ds iqokZuqeksnu ls u;s ;k vfrfjDr ifjfu;e cuk ldsxk ;k ifjfu;eksa dk lalks/ku ;k fujlu dj ldsxkA fu;e 30 bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kks ds v?;k/khu jgrs gq,] fuEufyf[kr leLr ;k mues ls fdlh fo’k; ds fy, fu;eksa dh O;oLFkk dh tk ldrh gS] tks fuEuor gS( vFkkZr & ¼d½ fo'ofo|ky; esa Nk=ksa dk izos”k] mudk ukaekdu vkSj bl :Ik esa cus jguk( ¼[k½ fo'ofo|ky; dh lHkh mikf/k;ksa vksj vU; fof”k’Vrkvksa ds fy, fu/kkZfjr fd;s tkusokys ikB~;Øe( ¼Xk½ mikf/k;ksa vkSj fo|k lEcU/kh fof”k’Vrkvksa dks iznku djuk( ¼?k½ v?;srkof̀Rr;ksa] Nk=of̀Rr;ka] v?;;uof̀Rr;ka] ind rFkk iqjLdkj iznku djus dh “krsZ( ¼M-½ ijh{kkvksa dk lapkyu rFkk ijh{kk ysus oys fudk;ksa] ijh{kdks] vkUrjh{kdks] lkj.khdkjksa rFkk vuqlhedks ds fu;qfDr dh “krsZ vkSj jhfr rFkk muds drZO;( ¼Pk½ fo'ofo|ky; dh ijh{kkvksa] vikf/k;ksa vkSj vU; “kkSf{kd fof”k’Vrkvksa ds fy, fy;k tkus okyk “kqYd( ¼>½ fo'ofo|ky; ;k fdlh la?kVd egkfo|ky; esa Nk+=ksa ds fuokl dh “krsZa( ¼t½ fo'ofo|ky; ;k fdlh la?kVd egkfo|ky; ds Nk=ksa esa vuq”kklu cuk;s j[kus gsrq( ¼>½ Nk=ksa ls fofHkUu fo’k;ksa ds fy, “kqYd o tek jkf”k fy, tkus gsrq( ¼´½ vU; lHkh fo’k;] ftuds fy, bl vf/kfu;e ds vk/khu fufeZr fu;eksa ;k ifjfu;eksa esa izkfo/kku fd;k tk;sA fu;e dSls cuk;sa tk; 31 ¼1½ fu;e O;oLFkkid e.My }kjk cuk;s tk;saxs vkSj bl izdkj cuk;s x;s fu;e jkT; ljdkj dks vuqeksnu ds fy, izLrqr fd;s tk;saxs] tks fd fu;eksa dh izkfIr dh fnuakd ls nks ekg ds vUnj] mikUrj ds lkFk ;k fcuk mikUrj ds] viuk vuqeksnu ns ldsxkA ¼2½ tgka jkT; ljdkj mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds vk/khu fofufnZ’V vof/k esa fu;eksa ds vuqeksnu ds lEcU/k esa fofu”p; djus eas vleFkZ gks rks] ogka ;g le>k tk;sxk fd jkT; ljdkj us fu;eksa dks vuqeksfnr dj fn;k gSA fu;eksa dks lalksf/kr 32 ;oLFkkid e.My] jkT; ljdkj ds iqokZuqeksnu ls u;s ;k vfrfjDr fu;e cuk ldsxk djus dh 'kfDr ;k fu;eksa dk lalks/ku ;k fujlu dj ldsxkA v/;k; & 6 izdh.kZ mRrjk[k.M ds LFkk;h fuokfl;ksa ds fy, micU/k 33 ¼1½ fo'ofo|ky; }kjk lapkfyr lHkh ikB~;Øeksa esa izos”k ds fy, 25 izfr”kr mRrjk[k.M ds LFkk;h fuokfl;ksa ds fy, vkjf{kr dh tk;saxh] ;fn LFkk;h fuokfl;ksa gsrq vkjf{kr lhVsa [kkyh jg tkrh gSa] rks fjDr lhVsa vU; Nk=ksa }kjk Hkjh tk ldrh gaSA ¼2½ fo'ofo|ky; }kjk lapkfyr fofHkUu ikB~Øeksa esa mi/kkjk ¼1½ eas of.kZr izosf'kr fo|kfFkZ;ksa] tks mRrjk[k.M jkT; ds LFkk;h fuoklh gksa] dks fu/kkZfjr f”k{k.k “kqYd esa 31 izfr”kr dh NwV iznku dh tk;sxhA ¼3½ izns”k ds LFkk;h fuokfl;ksa dks] lewg x o ?k Js.kh ds inksa gsrq fu;qfDr;ksa ds fy, çkFkfedrk nh tk,xhA dkeZpkfj;ksa dh lsok 'krsZ 34 ¼1½ izR;sd dkeZpkjh dh fu;qfDr ,d fyf[kr lafonk ds vk/khu dh tk;sxh] tks fo'ofo|ky; ds ikl j[kh tk;sxh vkSj mldh ,d izfRk lEcfU/kr deZpkjh dks nh tk;sxhA ¼2½+ dkeZpkfj;ksa ds fo:) vuq”kklukRed dk;Zokgh fo'ofo|ky; ifjfu;eksa es fufgr izfØ;k ds vuqlkj “kkflr gksxhA ¼3½ fo'ofo|ky; vkSj fdlh deZpkjh ds chp lafonk ls mRiUu gksus okys fookn dk lek/kku bl lEcU/k esa cuk;s x;s ifjfu;e dh izfØ;k ds vUrZxr fd;k tk;sxA ¼4½ bl vf/kfu;e ds fufgr fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh fo'ofo|ky; ds dkeZpkfj;ksa dks yksdlsod ugh le>k tk;sxk] vkSj og ges'kk bl vf/kfu;e ds iz;kstu ds fy, ;k vU;Fkk fo'ofo|ky; ds futh jkstxkj ds vk/khu jgsxkA vihy dk vk/kkj 35 fo'ofo|ky;] ;k fdlh la?kVd egkfo|ky;] {ks=h; dsUnzksa] v?;;u dsaUnzksa] vuqla/kku dsUnzksa vkSj dSfj;j ,dSMfed lS.VlZ ds izRksd dkeZpkjh dks fo'ofo|ky; ;k fdlh ,sls egkfo|ky; ds izkpk;Z] {ks=h; dsUnzksa] v/;;u dsUnzksa vkSj dSfj;j ,dSMfed lS.VlZ ds fdlh vf/kdkjh ;k izkf/kdkjh] ;FkkfLFkfr fofu”p; ds fo:) izcU/k e.My dks] ,sls le; ds vUnj] tks fofgr fd;k tk, vihy djus dk vf/kdkj gksxk vkSj ml ij izcU/k e.My ,sls fofu”p; dks ftlds fo:) vihy dh x;h gS iqf’V mikUrfjr ;k ifjoZfrr dj ldsxkA Hkfo"; fuf/k ,oa isa”ku 36 fo'ofo|ky; vius dkeZpkfj;ksa ds ykHk ds fy, ,slh jhfr ls vkSj ,lh “krksaZ ds v/;k/khujgrs gq, tks fofgr fd;s tk,a] ,sls Hkfo’; ;k isaU'ku fuf/k;ksa dk xBu djsxk tSlk og mfpr le>sA fo'ofo|ky; izkf/kdj.k vkSj fudk;ksa ds xBu ds ckjs esa fookn 37 ;fn ;g iz”u mRiUu gks fd D;k dksbZ O;fDr fo'ofo|ky; ds izkf/kdkjh ;k vU; fudk; ds lnL;ds :Ik esa fof/kor ukfer ;k fu;qDr fd;k x;k gS] ;k mldk lnL; gksus dk gdnkj gS rks og fo’k; dqykf/kifr dks fufnZ"V fd;k tk;sxk] ftldk ml ij fofu”p; vfUre gksxkA lfefr;ksa dk xBu 38 ?kkjk 20 esa mYysf[kr fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh izkf/kdkjh dks ,slh izkf/kdkjh dh lfefr xfBr djus dh “kfDr gksxh] ftlesa ,sls lnL; gksaxs vkSj ftudh ,slh “kfDr;kaa gksaxh] tks ,slk izkf/kdkjh mfpr le>saA vkdfLed fjfDr;ksa dh iwfrZ 39 fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh izkf/kdkjh ;k fudk; ds insu lnL;ksa ls fHkUu lnL;ksa esa ls fdlhvkdfLed fjfDr dh iwfrZ mlh jhfr ls dh tk;sxh] ftl jhfr ls og lnL;] ftldh fjfDr dh iwfrZ djuh gks] pquk x;k gks vkSj fjfDr dh iwfrZ djus okyk O;fDr ,sls izkf/kdkjh ;k fudk; dk lnL; ml vof”k’V vof/k ds fy, gksxk ftlds fy, og O;fDr] ftldk LFkku og Hkjrk gS@Hkjrh gS lnL; cuk jgrk gSA lnHkkouk iwoZd dh x;h dk;Zogh ds fy, laj{k.k 40 fo'ofo|ky; ds fdlh vf/kdkjh ;k deZpkjh ds fo:) dksbZ okn ;k vU; fof/kdk;Zokgh] fdlh Hkh ,sls fo’k; ds lEcU/k esa tks vf/kfu;eksa ;k ifjfu;eksa ;k fu;eksa ds micU/kksa ds vuqlj.k esa ln~Hkkouk iwoZd dh x;h gS ;k dh tkus ds fy, vk”kf;r gS lafLFkr ugh gksxhA laØEk.kdkyhu micU/k 41 bl vf/kfu;e o ifjfu;eksa ds fdUgh vU; micU/kksa esa fdlh ckr ds gksrs gq, Hkh& ¼d½ izFke dqyifr ,oa izFke ifr&dqyifr ¼;fn dksbZ gks rks½] dh fu;qfDr dqykf/kifr }kjk dh tk;sxh vkSj mDr vf/kdkjh rhu o’kZ dh vof/k ds fy, in /kkj.k djsxk( ¼[k½ izFke dqy lfpo vkSj izFke foRr vf/kdkjh dh fu;qfDr dqykf/kifr }kjk dh tk;sxh vkSj mDr vf/kdkjh rhu o’kZ dh vof/k ds fy, in /kkj.k djsxk( ¼Xk½ izFke O;oLFkkid e.My rhu o’kZ ls vuf/kd dh vof/k ds fy, in /kkj.k djsxk( ¼?k½ izFke izcU/k e.My] izFke foRr lfefr vkSj izFke fo|k ifj’kn~ dk xBu dqykf/kifr }kjk rhu o’kZ dh vof/k ds fy, fd;k tk,xkA LFkk;h foU;kl fuf/k 42 fo”ofo|ky; }kjk jkT; ljdkj ds uke ls IysTM ikap djksM :Ik;s dh ,d LFkk;h foU;kl fuf/k jk’Vªh;d̀r cSad dh cSad xkjaVh ds :Ik esa LFkkfir dh tk;sxh] ftldh vof/k ikap o’kZ dh gksxhA lkekU; fuf/k 43 ¼1½ fo”ofo|ky; }kjk ,d lkekU; fuf/k dh tk;sxh] ftlesa fuEufyf[kr /kujkf”k tek dh tk;sxh( vFkkZr %& ¼d½ fo”ofo|ky; }kjk fy;s tkus okys lHkh “kqYd( ¼[k½ fdlh vU; Lkzksr ls izkIr leLr /kujkf”k( ¼x½ izk;ksftr laLFkk }kjk fd;s x;s lHkh va”knku( vkSj ¼?k½ fdlh vU; O;fDr ;k fudk; }kjk] ftls rRle; izoR̀r fdlh vU; fof/k }kjkfuf’k) u fd;k x;k gks] bl fufeRr fd;s x;s lHkh va”knku@nkuA ¼2½ lkekU; fuf/k esa tek /kujkf”k dk mi;ksax fo”ofo|ky; ds lHkh vkoZrd O;;ksa ds fy;s fd;k tk;sxkA fodkl fuf/k 44 ¼1½ fo”ofo|ky; }kjk ,d fodkl fuf/k Hkh LFkkfir dh tk;sxh] ftlesa fuEufyf[kr fuf/k;ka tek dh tk;saxh( vFkkZr~ %& ¼d½ fodkl “kqYd] ftls Nk=ksa ls izHkkfjr fd;k tk;sa( ¼[k½ fo”ofo|ky; fd fodkl ds iz;kstu ds fy, fdlh vU; lzksr ls izkIr leLr /kujkf”k( ¼x½ izk;ksftr laLFkk }kjk fd;s x;s lHkh va”knku( ¼?k½ fdlh vU; O;fDr ;k fudk; }kjk ftls rRle; izoR̀r fdlh vU; fof/k }kjk fuf’k) u fd;k x;k gks] bl fufeRr fd;s x;s lHkh va”knku@nku( vkSj ¼M½ LFkk;h foU;kl fuf/k ls izkIr leLr vk;A ¼2½ le;&le; ij fodkl fuf/k esa tek dh x;h /kujkf”k dk mi;ksx fo”ofo|ky; ds fodkl ds fy, fd;k tk;sxkA fuf/k dk vuqj{k.k 45 /kkjk 42] 43] vkSj 44 ds vk/khu LFkkfir fuf/k;ksa dks O;oLFkkd e.My ds lkekU; Ik;Zos{k.k vkSj fu;a=.k ds v/;/khu jgrs gq;s fofgr jhfr ls fofu;fer vkSj vuqjf{kr fd;k tk;sxkA okf"kZd izfrosnu 46 ¼1½ fo”ofo|ky; dk of’kZd izfrosnu izcU/k e.My ds funsZ”kksa ds vk/khu rS;kj fd;k tk;sxk vkSj mls O;oLFkkid e.My ds vuqeksnu ds fy, izLrqr fd;k tk;sxkA ¼2½ O;oLFkid e.kMy] viuh cSBd esa okf’kZd izfrosnu ij fopkj djsxk vkSj og mls mikUrj ds lkFk ;k fcuk mikUrj ds vuqeksfnr dj ldrk gSA ¼3½ O;oLFkkid e.My }kjk fof/kor vuqeksfnr okf’kZd izfrosnu dh ,d izfr] izfro’kZ 31 ekpZ dks lekIr gq, foRr o’kZ ds vuqorhZ 31 fnlEcj ls igys dqyk/;{k ¼foftVj½ vkSj jkT; ljdkj dks iszf’kr dh tk;sxhA ys[kk o ys[kk ijh{kk 47 ¼1½ fo”ofo|ky; ds okf’kZd ys[kk vkSj rqyu iz= izcU/k e.My ds funsZ”kksa ds vk/khu rS;kj fd;s tk;saxs vkSj fdlh Hkh lzksr ls fo”ofo|ky; dks izksnHkwr ;k izkIr leLr /kujkf”k vkSj ,slh leLr /kujkf”k dh] ftudk lforj.k ;k Hkqxrku fd;k x;k gks]fo”ofo|ky; }kjk j[ks x;s ys[kksa esa izfof’V dh tk;sxhA ¼2½ fo”ofo|ky; ds okf’kZd ys[kk dh izfro’kZ ys[kk ijh{kd }kjk ys[kk ijh{kk dh tk;sxh tks bULVhV~;wV vkQW pkVZMZ ,dkm.VsaVl vkQW bfUM;k ¼vkbZ-lh-,-vkbZ-½ ds lnL;ksa gksaA ¼3½ ys[kk ijh{kk izfrosnu ds lkFk okf’kZd ys[kkvksa vkSj rqyui= dh ,d izfr izfro’kZ 31 ekpZ dks lekIr gksus okys foRrh; o’kZ ds vuqorhZ 31 fnlEcj ls dkQh igys O;oLFkkid e.My dks izLrqr dh tk;sxhA ¼4½ O;oLFkkid e.My }kjk okf’kZd ys[kk] rqyu i= vkSj ys[kk ijh{kk lEcU/kh izfrosnu ij viuh cSBd esa fopkj fd;k tk;sxk vkSj O;oLFkkid e.My mUgs mu ij viuh vH;qfDr;ksa ds lkFk izfro’kZ 31 fnlEcj ls igys dqyk/;{k ¼foftVj½ vkSj jkT; ljdkj dks vxzlkfjr djsxkA fo'ofo|ky; ds vfHkys[k dks fl) djus dh jhfr 48 fo”ofo|ky; ds dCts esa fo”ofo|ky; ds fdlh izkf/kdkjh ;k lfefr dh fdlh jlhn] vkosnu] lwpuk] vkns”k] dk;Zokgh ;k ladYi ;k vU; nLrkost ;k fo”ofo|ky; }kjk lE;d] :Ik ls fof/kor j[kh x;h fdlh iwath dh dksbZ izfof’V ;fn dqylfpo }kjk izekf.kr gks rks mls ,slh jlhn] vkosnu] lwpuk] vkns”k] dk;Zogh] ladYi ;k nLrkost ds ;k iaftdk esa izfo’V gksus ds izFke n’̀V;k lk{; ds :Ik esa xzg.k fd;k tk;sxk vkSj mlesa vfHkfyf[kr fo’k; vkSj laO;ogkj ds fy, lk{; ds :Ik esa mlh izdkj xzg.k fd;k tk;sxk] tSlk fd ;fn ewy izfr izLrqr dh x;h gks rks og lk{; ds :Ik esa Lohdkj gksxhA fo”ofo|ky; dk fo?kVu 49 ¼1½ ;fn izk;ksftr laLFkk }kjk DokWUVe fo'ofo|ky; ds xBu vkSj fuxeZu fu;af=r djus okyh fof/k ds vuqlkj mlds lekiu dk izLrko j[krh gks rks mls jkT; ljdkj dks de ls de rhu ekg dk fyf[kr uksfVl nsuk gksxkA ¼2½ fo'ofo|ky; dh izcU/k iz.kkfy;ksa esa dqizcU/k] dqiz”kklu] vuq”kklughurk] fo'ofo|ky; ds mn~ns”;ksa dh iwfrZ esa foQy gksuk ,oa vkfFkZd dfBukb;ksa dh igpku fd;s tkus ij jkT; ljdkj }kjk fo'ofo|ky; ds izcU/k O;oLFkk dks funZs’k tkjh djsxh] ftudk ,slh le; lhek ds vk/khu] tSls fofgr dh tk;s vuqikyu u gksus ij fo'ofo|ky; ds ifjlekiu ds fu.kZ; ysus dk vf/kdj jkT; ljdkj esa fufgr gksxkA ¼3½ fo'ofo|ky; dk ifjlekiu ,slh jhfr ls fd;k tk;sxk] tks bl fo’k; jkT; ljdkj }kjk fofgr fd;s tk;sa ijUrq ;g fd mlds fy;s izk;ksftr laLFkk dks dkj.k crkvks uksfVl ds fy, leqfpr volj iznku fd;s fcuk ,slh dksbZ dk;Zokgh vkjEHk ugh dh tk;sxhA ¼4½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fufnZ’V uksfVl ds izkIr gksus ij jkT; ljdkj lkafofnd ifj’kn~ ,oa fo'ofo|ky; vuqnku vk;ksx ls ijke”kZ djds izk;ksftr laLFkk }kjk fo'ofo|ky; fo?kVu ds izLrkfor fnukad ls vkSj tc rd fo'ofo|ky; ds fu;fer ikB~;Øeksa esa Nk=ksa dk vfUre cSp vius ikB~;Øeksa dks ,slh jhfr ls iwjk u dj ys] fo'ofo|ky; ds iz”kklu dh ,slh O;oLFkk djsxk] tSlh ifjfu;eksa }kjk fofgr dh tk;sA ¼5½ fo'ofo|ky; ds fo?kVu ij lHkh lEifRr ,oa nkf;Ro izk;ksftr laLFkk ¼izkseksfVax VªLV½ esa fufgr gks tk;sxhA fo'ofo|ky; ds fo?kVu ds le; fo'ofo|ky; ds O;; 50 ¼1½ /kkjk 49 ds v/khu fo'ofo|ky; dk izcU/k xzg.k djus dh vof/k ds nkSjku mldsiz”kklu ds fy, gksus okyk O;; LFkk;h foU;kl fuf/k lkekU; fuf/k ;k fodkl fuf/k ls iwjk fd;k tk;sxkA ¼2½ ;fn mi/kkjk ¼1½ esa fufnZ’V fuf/k;ka] fo'ofo|ky; dk izcU/k xzg.k djus dh vof/k ds nkSjku mlds iz”kklu ds fy, iz;kZIr ugh gS] rks ,sls O;; dh iwfrZ fo'ofo|ky; dh lEeifRr;ksa vFkok vkfLr;ksa ds fuLrkj.k }kjk dh tk ldrh gSA dfBukb;ksa dk fujkdj.k 51 ¼1½ ;fn bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa dks ykxw djus esa dksbZ dfBukbZ mRiUu gks rks jkT; ljdkj vf/klwpuk ;k vkns”k }kjk ,sls izkfo/kku dj ldrh gS tks bl vf/kfu;e ds micU/kksa ls vlaxr u gks vkSj tks dfBukb;ksa dks nwj djus ds fy, mls vko”;d ;k lehphu izrhr gks( ijUrq ;g fd mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds vk/khu dksbZ vf/klwpuk ;k vkns”k bl vf/kfu;e ds izkjEHk ls rhu o’kZ dh vof/k dh lekfIr ds Ik”pkr ugh fn;k tk;sxk ¼2½ mi/kkjk ¼1½ ds v/khu fn;k x;k izR;sd vkns”k ;Fkk”kh?kz jkT; fo/kkulHkk ds le{k j[kk tk;sxkA ------////----- QUANTUM UNIVERSITY ACT, 2016 [Uttrakhand Act NO. 04 OF 2017 ] INDEX Sections Details Chapter- I Preliminary 1 Short title andCommencement 2 Definitions Chapter-II The University and its objects 3 Proposal for the Establishmentof University 4 Establishment of University 5 State not under any statutory Obligation to grant Financial Assistance to the University 6 No Power to Affiliate any Institution 7 Objects of the University 8 Powers of the University 9 University open To all classes, Castes, Creed, and Gender 10 National Accreditation Chapter- III Officers of the University 11 University’s Officer 12 Visitor 13 The Chancellor 14 The Vice chancellor 15 The Pro-Vice Chancellor 16 The Registrar 17 Dean of Faculties 18 The Finance Officer 19 Other Officer Chapter- IV Authorities of the University 20 Authorities of the University 21 The Board of Governors and its powers 22 The Board of Management 23 The Academic Council 24 The Finance Committee 25 Other Authorities 26 Proceedings not Invalidated on account ofvacancy Chapter- V Statutes and Rules 27 Statutes 28 Statutes how made 29 Power to amend the Statutes 30 Rules 31 Rules how made 32 Power to Amend Rules Chapter VI Miscellaneous 33 Provisions for Permanent Resident Of Uttarakhand 34 Condition of Service of employees 35 Right to appeal 36 Provident Fund and pensions 37 Disputes as to Constitution of University Authorities And bodies 38 Constitution of Committee 39 Filling of casual Vacancies 40 Protection of Action takes in good faith 41 Transitional Provisions 42 Permanent Endowment Fund 43 General Fund 44 Development Fund 45 Maintenance of fund 46 Annual Report 47 Account and Audit 48 Mode of Proof of University records 49 Dissolution of University 50 Expenditure of University during Dissolution 51 Removal of Difficulties ------- QUANTUM UNIVERSITY ACT, 2016 [UTTARAKHAND ACT NO. 04 OF 2017 ] AN ACT to establish and incorporate a Private University in the name of “QUANTUM UNIVERSITY” at Uttarakhand promoted by LMD Educational & Research Foundation (Trust) registered under the Trust act at Dehradun, Uttarakhand to provide and facilitate education, training and research in the areas of Technical education, Higher education, Medical, Para Medical and Dental education, Legal education, Aviation education, Social Science, General Sciences and other areas of education. It is hereby enacted by Uttarkhand State Legislature in the 67 th Year of the Republic of India as follows: CHAPTER-1 Preliminary Short title and Commencement 1 (1) This Act may be called the QUANTUM UNIVERSITY Act, 2016. (2) It shall be deemed to have come into force on the date the notification is issued by State Government in the Official Gazette. Definitions 2 In this Act, unless the context otherwise required:- (a) “Academic Council” means the Academic council of the University; (b) “Authorities” means authorities of the University; (c) “Board of Governors” means the Board of Governors of the University (d) “Board of Management” means the Board of Management of the University; (e) “Board of Studies” means the Board of Studies of the University; (f) “Board of Examinations” means Board of Examinations of the University; (g) “Chancellor”, “Vice Chancellor”, “Pro-Vice Chancellor”, “Registrar”, “Controller of Examinations”, and “Finance Officer”, respectively means the“Chancellor”, “Vice Chancellor”, “Pro-Vice Chancellor”, “Registrar”, “Controller of Examinations”, and “Finance Officer” of the University; (h) ‘Campus” means the campus of the University; (i) “Constituent College” means a college institution maintained by the University; (j) “Career Academy Centre” means such centre which is established with in the State, conducted and recognized by the University for the purposes of acceptance of e-mails, internet, interactive talk, training, lectures, conduct of seminar and workshops, guidelines, consultation or any type of necessary help for students; (k) “Director” of campus of Principal/Dean regarding Constituent College means the Head of that campus or Constituent College: and where there is no Director/Principal/Dean appointed, any other person for the time being appointed to act as Director is also included; (l) “Distance Education System” means the system of imparting education within the State through any means of information technology and communication such as multimedia, broadcasting, telecasting, online over internet, other interactive methods, e-mails, internet, computer, interactive talk,, e- learning correspondence courses, seminars, contact programmes or a combination of any two or more of such means; (m) “Deposits” means collection made by the University from the students under the name Deposits, which is refundable; (n) “Dean of Faculty” means the Dean of Faculty of the University; (o) “Department” means a department (Academic Unit) of a college, teaching and undertaking research in a subject or a group of subjects; (p) “Employee” means employee appointed by the University, and includes teachers and other staff of the University or of Constituent College; (q) “Finance Committee” means Finance Committee of the University; (r) “Faculty”means faculty of the University; (s) “Fee” means collection made by the University from the student under the name Fee, which is not refundable; (t) “Government” means the State Government of Uttarakhand; (u) “Hall” or “Hostel” means a unit for residence for students maintained or recognized by the University or Constituent College; (v) “LMD Educational & Research Foundation” means a Trust registered under The Trust Act, having registered office at 14/1 New Road, Dehradun 248001; (w) “Promoting Trust” means LMD Educational & Research Foundationregistered under The Trust Act; (x) “Prescribed” means prescribed by the Statutes; (y) “Permanent Resident” means any resident of the state who has the valid domicile/permanent resident certificate issed by the prescribed authority as per the rules framed by the State Government from time to time; (aa) “Region Centre” means a centre established or maintained by the University for the purpose of co-ordinating and supervising the work of Study Centres in any region and for performing such other functions as may be conferred on such centre by the Board of Management; (bb) “State” means State of Uttarakhand; (cc) “Statutes”, “Rules” and “Ordinances” means respectively the “Statutes”, “Rules” and “Ordinances” of the University made under this Act; (dd) “Study Centre” means a centre established, maintained or recognized by the University for the purpose of advising, counseling or for rendering any other assistance required by the students; (ee) “Teacher” means a Professor/Dean, Associate Professor, Assistant Professor/Lecturer or such other person as may be appointed for imparting instruction of conducting research in the University or in Constituent Colleges and institution and includes the Principal/Dean of the Constituent College; (ff) “UGC” means the University Grant Commission established under the University Grant Commission Act, 1956; (gg) “University” means “QUANTUM UNIVERSITY” under this Act; (hh) “Bodies” means the bodies of the University constituted by the relevant authorities; (ii) “Visitor” means the Visitor of the University. CHAPER-II The University and its Objects Proposal for the Establishmentof University 3 (1) The Promoting Trust, LMDEducational & Research Foundation(Trust), Dehradun shall have the right to establish the QUANTUM UNIVERSITY in accordance with theprovisions of this Act; (2) An application containing the proposal to establish a University has been made to the State Government by Promoting Trust. Theproposal contained the following particulars, namely:- (a) the objects of University alongwith the details of Promoting Trust; (b) the extent and status of the University and the availability of land; (c) the nature and type of programs of study and research to be undertaken in the University during a period of the next five years; (d) the nature of faculties, courses of study and research proposed to be started; (e) the campus development such as buildings, equipment and structural amenities; (f) the phased outlays of capital for a period of the next five years; (g) the item-wise recurring expenditure, sources of finance and estimated expenditure for each students; (h) the scheme for mobilizing resources and the cost of capital thereto and the manner of repayments to each source; (i) the scheme of generation of funds internally through the recovery of fee from students, revenues anticipated from consultancy and other activities relating to the objects of the University and other anticipated incomes; (j) the details of expenditure on unit cost, the extent of concessions or rebate in fee, free ship and scholarship for students who are permanent resident of the State and the fee structure indicating varying rate of fee, if any, that would be levied on non resident Indians and student of other nationalities; (k) the years of experience and expertise in the concerned discipline at the command of Promoting Trust as well as the detail of financial resources; (l) the system for selection of students to the courses of study at the University; (m) Status of fulfillment of such other conditions as may be required by the State Government to be fulfilled before the establishment of the University; Establishment of University 4 (1) Where the State Government after such inquiry in satisfied that Promoting Trust, has fulfilled the conditions, norms and requirements for establishment of QUANTUM UNIVERSITY, hence aPrivate University to be known as Quantum University is hereby established. (2) The University shall be body corporate by the name “QUANTUM UNIVERSITY” and shall have perpetual succession and a common seal and shall sue and be sued by its name. (3) (a) The main campus of the University shall be at Tehsil Bhagwanpur, Distt Haridwar, Uttarakhand. It may also have Campuses or regional centres, study centres at other places with in the State, provided that the procedures are complied with. The University can open its additional campus within the State after 5 (five) years of its coming into existence with prior approval of the State Government. The University can open other campuses any time in a hill region located at an altitude greater than 1000 meter above sea level without any time limit. (b) However, to establish new faculties where additional land would be required as per norms of the concerned regulatory body as University Grant Commission, All India Technical Education Coucil, National Teacher Education Council etc. the University shall establish a split campus either in adjoining area, or nearby within District Haridwar or at any other location within the State. (4) The Chancellor, the Vice-Chancellor, Pro-Vice Chancellor, Registrar, members of the Board of Government, members of Board of Management and the Academic Council for the time being holding office as such in the University so established, shall constitute a body corporate and can sue and be sued in the name of the University. (5) On the establishment of the University under sub-section (1), the land and other moveable and immoveable properties acquired, created, arranged or built by promoting Trust, for the purpose of the University shall stand transferred to, and vest in the University. (6) The available land, building, various department/faculties of the University shall be according to the standard of Apex Regulatory Commission. (7) The Infrastructural and other facilities of the University campus, off campus center, study center etc. shall be maintained as per the standards laid down by the UGC and other apex regulatory bodies. State not under any statutory Obligation to grant Financial Assistance to the University 5 The University shall be self financing and shall neither make a demand neither shall be entitled to any grant-in-aid or any other financial assistance from the State Government or any other body or corporation owned or controlled by the State Government. No Power to Affiliate any Institution 6 The University may have off-campus centers, ConstituentColleges, Regional Centres, Study Centres and Career AcademicCentres within the State but shall have no power to admit any othercollege or institution to the privileges of affiliation. Objects of the University 7 The objectives for which the University is established are as follows:- (a) to provide instructions, teaching, training and research in all disciplines pertaining to Technical education, Higher Education, Medical and Dental education, Legal education, Aviation education, Social Science, General Sciences and other areas of education; (b) to establish within the State campuses, study centres or Constituent Colleges of Technical education, Higher education, Medical & Dental education, Legal education, Aviation education, Social Sciences, General Sciences and other areas of education for offering certificate, diploma graduate degree, post graduate degree and Doctoral degree which would be as nominated by the University Grant Commission but the University shall, have the right to start other diploma and certificate courses in furtherance of its Objections; (c) to establish a Constituent Centre for Continuing Education with the permission of University Grant Commission and relevant regulatory bodies to provide instruction through the distance learning methodology for the courses mentioned in programs as given in clause (b) above; (d) to establish examination centres; (e) to institute degrees, diplomas, certificates, and other academic distinctions on the basis of examination, CBCS or any other such method; (f) to establish research and development centre to promote research and innovations in the Technical education, Higher education, Medical and Dental education, Legal education, Aviation education, Social Sciences, General Sciences and other areas of education through seminars, conferences, workshops, educational programmes, community development program, publications, training programmes and study groups etc.; (g) to undertake extra-mural studies, extension programmes and field outreach activities to contribute to the development of the society; (h) to set up Off-shore campuses as per the provision laid down by UGC; (i) to pursue any other objective as may be approved by the Board of Governors within the rules of the State Government and UGC. Powers of the University 8 (1) The University shall have the following powers; namely:- (a) to provide for instructions in all disciplines pertaining to Technical education, Higher education, Medical, Para Medical & Dental education, Legal education, Aviation education, Social Sciences, General Sciences and other areas of education and to make provision for research and for the advancement and dissemination of knowledge; (b) to carry out all such other activities as may be necessary or feasible in furtherance of the objects of the University; (c) to hold examinations for, and to institute grant and confer degrees or other academic distinction to, and on, persons, who; (1) have pursued a course of study in the University or in a constituent College or through its distance education system at Regional Centre /Study Centre/Career Academy Centre; or (2) have carried on research in the University or in a constituent body or under its distance education center; (d) to confer honorary degrees or other academic distinctions in themanner and under conditions laid down in the Statutes/Provisions; (e) to institute and award fellowships, scholarships and prizes etc. in accordance with the Statutes; (f) to demand and receive such fees, deposites, bills, invoices and collect charges as may be fixed by the Statutes or rules as the case may be; (g) to establish, maintain and recognize such Regional Centres and Study Centres as may be determined by the University from time to time in the manner laid down by the Statutes after the completion of five years of the University. In this regard the guidelines of the State Government and UGC as applicable from time to time shall be followed; (h) to make provisions for extra curricular activities for students and employees; (i) to make appointments of faculty, officers and employees of theUniversity or a Campus College, Constituent College, Regional Centres , Study Centres , Research Centres , and Career Academy Centre; (j) to receive donations and gifts of any kind and to acquire, hold, manage, maintain and dispose of any movable or immovable property, for the purpose of the University or a Constituent College, or a Regional Centre, Study Centre and Career Academy Centre with prior permission of the promotingTrust; (k) to institute and maintain halls/hostels and to recognize places of residence for students of the University or a Constituent College; (l) to supervise and control the residence of students and to regulate the discipline among the students and all categories of employees and to lay down the conditions of service of such employees including their code of conduct; (m) to create Academic, Administrative and Supporting staff and other necessary posts; (n) to co-operate and collaborate with other Universities, Institutions, Organizations, Individuals, Industries and Societies in India and abroad in such a manner and for such purpose as the University may determine from time to time; (o) to provide distant education system and the manner in which distance education in relation to the academic programmes of the University with prior permission of the Univereity Grant Commission and relevant regulatory bodies may be organized; (p) to organize and conduct refresher course, orientation courses, workshops, seminars and other programmes for teachers, lesson writers, evaluators and other academic staff; (q) to determine standards of admission to the University or a Constituent College, Regional Centres , Study Centres , with the approval of Academic Council; (r) to make special provision for permanent resident of Uttarakhand for admission in any course of the University or in a Constituent College, Regional Centre, Study Centre, Research Centre and Career Academic Centre as per merit; (s) to prescribe such courses for Bachelor Degree, Post Graduate Degree, Doctor of Philosophy, Doctor of Science Degree and Research and to start diploma, Certificates in Technical education, Higher education, Medical and Dental education, Legal education, Aviation education, Social Sciences, General Sciences and other areas of education which would be covered by UGC and other statutory bodies; (t) to clearly set apart the academic activities of the University from the activities of the promoting Trust; (u) to provide for the preparation of instructional materials, includingfilms, cassettes, tapes, video cassettes, CD, DVD and other softwares; (v) to recognize examinations of, or periods of study (whether in full or in part) of other Universities, Institutions or other places of Higher learning as equivalent to examinations or periods of study in the University and to withdraw such recognize at any time; (w) to raise, collect, subscribe and borrow funds with the approval of the Board of Governors whether on the security of the property of the University, money for the purposes of the University; (x) to enter into, carry out, amend or cancel contracts; (y) to do all such other acts or things whether incidental to the powers aforesaid or not, as may be necessary to further the object of the University; (z) to sue or be sued in its own name as a Legal Entity in any Court of Law, Tribunal or Authority through its authorized officer. (2) Not withstanding anything constrained in any other law for the time being in force but without prejudice to the provisions of sub- section (1), it shall be the duty of the University to take all such steps as it may deem fit for the promotion of the university and distance education system and for the determination of standards of teaching, evaluation and research in such systems and for the purpose of performing this function, the University shall have such powers, including the power to allocate and disburse grants to colleges, Regional Centres and Study Centres and Career Academy Centres , whether admitted to its privileges or not or to any other University or Institution of higher learning, as may be specified by the Statutes. University open To all classes, Castes, Creed, and Gender 9 The University shall be open to all persons irrespective of class, caste, creed or gender; Provided that nothing in this section shall be deemed to prevent the university from making special provisions for admission topermanent resident of Uttarakhand; Provide further that nothing in this section shall be deemed to require the University or constituent colleges or Regional Centres or Study Centres or Career Academy Centres to admit in any course of study a larger number of students than may be determined by the statutes. National Accreditation 10 The University shall seek accreditation from respective nationalaccreditation bodies. CHAPTER –III Officers of the University University’s Officer 11 The following shall be the officers of the University; namely:- (a) the Visitor; (b) the Chancellor; (c) the Vice-Chancellor; (d) the Pro-Vice Chancellor; (e) the Registrar; (f) the Deans of Faculties; (g) the Finance Officer; and (h) such other officers as may be declared by the Statutes to be officers of the University. Visitor 12 (1) The Governor of Uttarakhand will be the Visitor of the University. (2)The Visitor shall, when present, preside at the convocation of the University for conferring degrees and diplomas. (3) The Visitor shall have the following powers namely:- (a) To call for information relating to the affairs of the University; (b) On the basis of the information received by the Visitor, if he is satisfied that any order, proceeding, or decision taken by any authority of the University is not in conformity with the Decision, Act, Ordinance, Statutes, or Rules, he may issue such directions as he may deem fit in the interest of the University and the directions so issued shall be complied by all concerned. (c) Every proposal for the conferment of an honorary degree shall be subject to the approval of the Visitor. The Chancellor 13 (1) The Chancellor may be appointed from amongst / or by the members of the Promoting Trust. (2)The chancellor shall have such powers as may be conferred on him by this Act or Statutes made there under. (3)The Chancellor shall have the following powers namely :- (a) To call for any information or record. (b) To appoint the Vice-Chancellor (c) To remove the Vice-Chancellor (d) Such other powers as may be prescribed by the statues. The Vice chancellor 14 (1) The Vice-Chancellor shall be appointed on such terms and conditions as may be prescribed by the statutes for a term of three years by the Chancellor from a panel of three persons recommended by the Committee constituted in accordance with the provisions of sub- section (2). (2) The Committee referred to in sub section (1) shall consist of the following persons; namely :- (a) One person nominated by the Visitor; (b) One person nominated by the Chancellor; (c) Three nominees of the Board of Governors, one of whom shall be nominated as the convener of the committee by the Board of Governors. (3)The committee shall on the basis of merit, prepare a panel of names of three persons suitable to hold the office of the Vice- Chancellor and forward the same to the Chancellor alongwith a concise statement showing the academic qualifications and other distinctions of each person (4)The Vice-Chancellor shall be the Principal executive, administrative and academic officer of the University and shall exercise general supervision and control over the affairs of the University and give effect to the decisions of the authorities of the University. (5) Where any matter other than the appointment of a teacher is of urgent nature requiring immediate action and the same could not be immediately dealt with by any officer or the authority or other body of the University empowered by or under this Act to deal with it, the Vice-Chancellor may take such action as he may deem fit with the prior approval of the chancellor. (6) The Vice-Chancellor shall exercise such other powers and perform such other duties as may be laid down by the Statutes or the rules. (7) The Chancellor is empowered to remove the Vice-Chancellor after due enquiry. It will be open to the Chancellor to suspend the Vice Chancellor during enquiry depending upon the seriousness of the charges, as he may deem fit. The Pro-Vice Chancellor 15 A pro Vice-Chancellor may be appointed by the Vice-Chancellorwith approval of the Chancellor in such manner and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as may be prescribed by Statutes. The Registrar 16 (1) The Registrar shall be appointed by the Chancellor in such manner and on such terms and conditions as may be prescribed. (2) All contracts shall be entered into and signed by the Registrar on behalf of the University. (3) The Registrar shall have the powers to authenticate records on behalf of the University and shall exercise such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed or may be required from time to time, by the Chancellor or Vice- Chancellor. (4) The Registrar shall be responsible for the due custody of the records and the common seal of the university and shall be bound to place before the Chancellor, the Vice-Chancellor or any other competent authority, all such information and documents as may be necessary for transaction of their business. Dean of Faculties 17 Deans of faculties shall be appointed by the vice-Chancellor with approval of Chancellor in such manner and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as may be prescribed by Statutes. The Finance Officer 18 The Finance Officer shall be appointed by the Chancellor in suchmanner and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as may be prescribed by the Statutes. Other Officer 19 The manner of appointment, terms and conditions of service and powers and duties of the other officers of the University shall be such as may be prescribed by the Statutes. CHAPTER-IV Authorities of the University Authorities of the University 20 The following shall be the authorities of the University; namely:- (a) The Board of Governors; (b) The Board of Management; (c) The Academic Council; (d) The Finance Committee; and (e) Such other authorities as may be declared by the Statutes to be authorities of the University. The Board of Governors and its powers 21 (1) The Board of Governors shall consist of:- (a) The Chancellor shall be the Chairman of the Board of Governors; (b) Co-Chairman of the Board of Governors shall be nominated from amongst the members of the Promoting Trust; (c) The Vice-Chancellor- Member -Secretary; (d) One Academician nominated by the Visitor; (e) Principal Secretary / Secretary to the State Government in the Dept of Higher Education. (f) Five members nominated by the Promoting Trust ; (g) Two members nominated by the Chairman, Promoting Trust from reputed higher education institutions; (2) The Board of Governors shall be the Principal Governing Body of the University and shall have the following powers, namely:- (a) to lay down policies to be pursued by the University; (b) to review decisions of the other authorities of the University if they are not in conformity with the provisions of this Act, or the Statutes or the Rules; (c) to approve the budget and annual report of the University; (d) to make new or additional Statutes or amend or repeal the earlier Statutes and Rules; (e) to take decision about voluntary winding up of the University; (f) to approve proposals for submission to the State Government; and (g) to take such decisions and steps as are found desirable for effectively carrying out the objects of the University; (h) to appoint the Statutory Auditors of the University; (i) to open, close, operate and manage accounts of the University; (3) The Board of Governors shall, meet at least twice in a year at such time and place as the Chairman, Board of the Governors thinks fit. The Board of Management 22 (1) The Board of Management shall consist; namely:- (a) The Vice-Chancellor – Chairman (b) The Pro-Vice Chancellor, if any; (c) One member nominated by the Chancellor; (d) Five members, nominated by the LMD Educational & Research Foundation (Trust), Dehradun; (e) Two Professors of the University, by rotation as nominated by the Chancellor; (f) Two Deans of the faculties, by rotation as nomination by theChancellor; (g) The Registrar shall be non-member Secretary; (2) The Board of Management shall be the Principal Managing body of the University. (3) The powers and functions of the Board of Management shall be such as may be prescribed. The Academic Council 23 (1) The Academic Council shall consist of:- (a) the Vice-Chancellor - Chairman; (b) the Registrar -Secretary; (c) such other members as may be prescribed in the Statutes. (2) The Academic Council shall be the Principal Academic Body of the University and shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, the Rules and the Statutes, co-ordinate and exercise general supervision over the academic policies of the University; (3) The powers and functions of the Academic Council shall be such as may be prescribed by the Statutes. The Finance Committee 24 (1) The Finance Committee shall consist of : (a) The Chancellor - Chairman (b) The Finance Officer - Secretary (c) Such other members as may be prescribed in the Statutes. (2) The Finance Committee shall be the principal financial body of the University to take care of financial matters and shall, subject to the provisions of this Act, Rules, Statutes, co-ordinate and exercise general supervision over the financial matters of the University. (3) the powers and functions of the Finance Committee shall be such as may be prescribed by the Statutes. Other Authorities 25 The constitution, powers and functions of the other authorities of theUniversity shall be such as may be prescribed by the Statutes. Proceedings not Invalidated on account ofvacancy 26 No act or proceeding of any authority of the University shall be invalid merely by reason of the existence of any vacancy or defect in the constitution of the authority. CHAPTER-V Statutes and Rules Statutes 27 Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Statutes may provide for any matter relating to the University and staff, as follows:- (a) transaction of business of the Authorities of the University and procedure of constitution of such units, which is not specified in this Act, (b) the operation of the permanent endowment fund, the general fund and the development fund; (c) the terms and conditions of appointment of the Vice-Chancellor, Pro-Vice-Chancellor, Registrar and the Finance Officer and their powers and functions; (d) the mode of recruitment and the conditions of service of the other officers, teachers and employees of the University; (e) resolving disputes between the University and its officers, faculty members, employees and students; (f) creating, abolition or restructuring of departments and faculties; (g) the manner of co-operation with other University or institutions of higher learning; (h) conferment of honorary degrees; (i) grant of freeships and scholarships; (j) number of seats in different courses of studies and the procedure of admission of students to such courses including reservation of seats for permanent resident of Uttarakhand; (k) the fee chargeable from students for various courses of studies; (l) institution of fellowships, scholarships, studentships, freeships, medals and prizes; (m)creation and abolition of posts; (n) disciplinary action against students/employee of the University; (o) other matters which may be prescribed and deemed necessary for framing of the Statutes; (p) appointment of the Chancellor his power and functions. Statutes how made 28 (1) The first Statutes made by the Board of Governors shall be submitted to the State Government for its approval, which may,within three months from the date of receipt of the Statutes giveits approval with or without modification. (2) Where the State Government fails to take any decision with respect to the approval of the Statutes within the period specified under sub-section (1) it shall be deemed to have been approved by the State Government. Power to amend the 29 The Board of Governors may, with the prior approval of the State Statutes Government makes new or additional Statutes or amends or repeals the existing Statutes. Rules 30 Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Rules may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:- (a) Admission of students to the University and their enrolment and continuance as such; (b) The courses of study to be laid down for all degrees and other academic distinctions of the University; (c) The award of degrees and other academic distinctions; (d) The conditions of the award of fellowships, scholarships, studentships, medals and prizes; (e) The conduct of examination and the condition and mode of appointment and duties of examining bodies, examiners, invigilators, tabulators and moderators; (f) The fee to be charged for admission to the examination, degrees and other academic distinctions of the University; (g) The conditions of residence of the students at the University or a Constituent College; (h) Maintenance of discipline among the students of the University or a Constituent College; (i) The Fee and Deposits chargeable from student for various courses of studies; (j) All over matters as may be provided in the Statutes and rules under Act. Rules how made 31 (1) The Rules shall be made by the Board of Governors and the rules so made shall be submitted to the State Government for its approval, which may, within two months from the date of receipt of the rules, give its approval with or without modification. (2)Where the State Government fails to take any decision with respect to the approval of the rules within the period specified under sub –section (1), it shall deemed to have been approved by the State Government. Power to Amend Rules 32 The Board of Governs may, with the approval on the State Government, make new or additional rules or amend or repeal the Rules. CHAPTER-VI Miscellaneous Provisions for Permanent Resident Of Uttarakhand 33 (1) For admission in various courses conducted by the University 25 percent seats shall be reserved for the permanent residents of State of Uttarakhand, and if the reserved seat are vacant, then the said vacant seat may be filled by the other candidates. (2)for tuition fees fixed for various courses conducted by the University, 31 percent rebate shall be given to the permanent resident of the State of Uttarakhand who shall seek admission as per sub-section (1) above. (3) For posts of Group ‘C’ and ‘D’ permanent resident of the state of Uttarakhand shall be given preference. Condition of Service of employees 34 (1) Every employee shall be appointed under a written contract, which shall be kept in the University and a copy of which shall be furnished to the employee concerned. (2) Disciplinary action against any employee shall be governed by procedure prescribed in the Statutes. (3) Any dispute arising out of the contract between the University and an employee shall be resolved by the procedure prescribed by the relevant Statutes. (4) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the employees of the University shall not be deemed to be public servant and would always remain as under the private employment of the University for the purpose of this Act or otherwise. Right to appeal 35 Every employee or student of the University or of a Constituent College, Regional Centre, Study Centre and Career Academy Centres shall, notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, have a right to appeal within such time as may be prescribed, to the Board of Management against the decision of any officer or authority of the University or of the Principal of any such Constituent College, Regional Centre, Study Centre and Career Academy Centres , as the case may be and there upon the Board of Management may confirm, modify or change the decision appealed against. Provident Fund and pensions 36 The University shall constitute for the benefits of its employees such provident or pension fund and provide such insurance scheme as it may deem fit in such manner and subject to such conditions as may be prescribed. Disputes as to Constitution of University Authorities And bodies 37 If any question arises as to whether any person has beenduly or appointed as, or is entitled to be a member of any authorityor otherbody of the University, the matter shall be referred to the Chancellor, whose decision thereon shall be final. Constitution of Committee 38 Any authority of the University mentionedunder section 20 will be empowered to constitute a committee of such authority, consisting of such member and having such powers as the authority may deem fit. Filling of casual Vacancies 39 Any casual vacancy among the members, other than ex-officio members, of any Authority or body of the University shall be filled in the same manner in which the member whose vacancy in to be filled up, was chosen, and the person filling the vacancy shall be a member of such authority or body for the residue of the term for which the person whose place he/she fills would have been a member. Protection of Action takes in good faith 40 No suit or other legal proceedings shall lie against any officer orother employee of the University for anything, which is done ingood faithor intended to be done in pursuance of the provisions of this Act, the Statutes or the Rules. Transitional Provisions 41 Notwithstanding anything contained in any other provisions of this Act and the Statutes. (a) The first Vice-Chancellor and Pro-Vice-Chancellor, if any shall be appointed by the Chancellor and the said officer shall hold office for a term of three year; (b) The first Registrar and the first Finance Officer shall be appointed by the Chancellor who shall hold office for term of three year; (c) The first Board of Governors shall hold office for a term not exceeding three year; (d) The first Board of Management, the first Finance Committee and the first Academic Council shall be constituted by the Chancellor for a term of three year. Permanent Endowment Fund 42 The University shall establish a permanent endowment fund of Rs. Five Crore in the form of a Bank Guarantee of a Nationalized Bank Pledged in the name of State Government of Uttarakhand whose tenure shall be five years. General Fund 43 (1) The University shall establish a general fund to which the Following amount shall be credited, namely:- (a) all fees which may be charged by the University; (b) all sums received from any other source; (c) all contributions made by the promoting Trust; (d) all contributions/donations made in this behalf by any other person or body, which are not prohibited by any law for the time being in force; (2) The funds credited to the general fund shall be applied to meet all the recurring expenditure of the University. Development Fund 44 (1) The University shall also establish a development fund to which the following fund shall be credited; namely:- (a) development fees which may be charged from students; (b) all sums received from any other source for the purposes of the development of the University; (c) all contributions made by the Promoting Trust; (d) all contributions/donations made in this behalf by any other person or body which are not prohibited by any law for the time being in force; (e) all income received from the permanent endowment fund. (2) The Funds credited to the development fund from time to time shall be utilized for the development of the University. Maintenance of fund 45 The fund established under section 42, 43 and 44 shall, subject to general supervision and control of the Board of Governors, be regulated and maintained in such manner as may be prescribed. Annual Report 46 (1)The annual report of the University shall be prepared under the direction of the Board of Management and shall be submitted to the Board of Governors for its approval. (2) The Board of Governors shall consider the annual report in its meeting and may approve the same with or without modification. (3) A copy of annual report duly approved by the Board of Governors shall be sent to the Visitor and the State Government before 31 December following close of the financial year in 31 March each year. Account and Audit 47 (1) The annual account and balance sheet of the University shall be prepared under the direction of the Board of Management and all funds accruing to or received by the University from whatever source and all amount disbursed or paid shall be entered in theaccounts maintained by the University. (2) The annual account of the University shall be audited by auditors, who are a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (I.C.A.I.), every year. (3) A copy of the annual accounts and the Balance sheet together with the audit report shall be submitted to the Board of Governors well before 31 December following close of the Financial Year in 31 March each year. (4) The annual accounts, the Balance sheet and the audit report shall be considered by the Board of Governors at its meeting and the Board of Governors shall forward the same to the Visitor and the State Government along with its observations thereon before the 31 st December each year. Mode of Proof of University records 48 A copy of any receipt, application, notice,order, proceeding or resolution of any authority or committee of the University or other documents in possession of University or any entry in any register duly maintained by the University, if certified by the Registrar shall be received as prima facie evidence of such receipt, application, notice, order, proceeding, resolution or document or the existence of entry in the register and shall be admitted as evidence of the matters and transaction therein recorded where the original thereof would, if produced, have been admissible in evidence. Dissolution of University 49 (1) If Promoting Trust proposes dissolution of the “QUANTUMUNIVERSITY” in accordance with the law governing its constitution or incorporation, it's shall give at least three months notice in writing to the State Government. (2) On identification of mismanagement, mal-administration, in- discipline, failure in the accomplishment of the objects of University and economic hardship in the management systems of University, the State Government would issue direction to the management system of University, if the direction are not followed within such time as may be prescribed, the right to take decision for winding up of the University would vest in the State Government. (3) The manner of winding up of the University would be such as may be prescribed by the state Government in this behalf: Provided that no such action will be initiated without affording a reasonable opportunity to show cause to the Promoting Trust. (4) On receipt of the notice referred to in sub-section (1), the State Government shall, in consultation with University Grant Commission, make such arrangements for administration of the University from the proposed date of dissolution of the “QUANTUM UNIVERSITY” and until the last batch of students in regular courses of studies of the University complete their courses of studies in such manner as may be prescribed by the Statutes. (5) On the dissolution of the University, all the assets and liabilities of the University shall vest in the Promoting Trust i.e., LMD Educational & Research Foundation (Promoting Trust), Dehradun. Expenditure of University during Dissolution 50 (1) The expenditure for administration of the University during thedissolution of the University under section 49 shall be met out of the permanent endowment fund, the general fund or the development funds. (2) (2) If the funds referred to in sub-section (1) are not sufficient to meet the expenditure of the University during the dissolution of the University, such expenditure may be met by disposing of the properties or assets of the University Removal of Difficulties 51 (1)If any difficulty arises in giving effect to the provisions of this Act, the State Government may, by a notification or order, make such provisions, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, as appear to it to be necessary or expedient, for removing the difficulty; Provided that no notification orders under sub-section (1) shall be made after the expiration of a period of three years from the commencement of this Act. (2) Every order made under sub-section (1) shall, as soon as may be after it is made, be laid before the State Legislature. ----------------------